home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
open in:
MacOS 8.1
|
Win98
|
DOS
view JSON data
|
view as text
This file was processed as: ArcFS Archive
(archive/arcFS).
You can browse this item here: co2effect
Confidence | Program | Detection | Match Type | Support
|
---|
100%
| dexvert
| ArcFS Archive (archive/arcFS)
| magic
| Supported |
100%
| file
| RISC OS archive (ArcFS format)
| default
| |
99%
| file
| data
| default
| |
100%
| TrID
| Acorn ArcFS Archive
| default
| |
100%
| gt2
| Kopftext: 'Archive'
| default (weak)
| |
100%
| detectItEasy
| Archive: ArcFS
| default
|
|
hex view+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
|00000000| 41 72 63 68 69 76 65 00 | 64 02 00 00 c4 02 00 00 |Archive.|d.......|
|00000010| 28 00 00 00 64 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |(...d...|........|
|00000020| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000030| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000040| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000050| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|00000060| 82 21 43 4f 32 65 66 66 | 65 63 74 00 ff ff ff ff |.!CO2eff|ect.....|
|00000070| 45 ff ff ff 44 ed a7 73 | 00 00 00 00 ff ff ff ff |E...D..s|........|
|00000080| 40 02 00 80 82 21 42 6f | 6f 74 00 00 00 2d fd fd |@....!Bo|ot...-..|
|00000090| 20 00 00 00 44 eb ff ff | 5c 2b 7e c6 03 00 80 1b | ...D...|\+~.....|
|000000a0| 20 00 00 00 24 00 00 00 | 82 21 48 65 6c 70 00 00 | ...$...|.!Help..|
|000000b0| 00 2d fd fd c2 5d 00 00 | 45 ff ff ff b9 76 9c 62 |.-...]..|E....v.b|
|000000c0| 03 00 b6 73 c2 5d 00 00 | 68 00 00 00 82 21 52 75 |...s.]..|h....!Ru|
|000000d0| 6e 00 00 00 00 2d fd fd | e2 00 00 00 45 eb ff ff |n....-..|....E...|
|000000e0| 2e f6 06 63 03 00 21 f2 | e2 00 00 00 4e 5e 00 00 |...c..!.|....N^..|
|000000f0| 82 21 52 75 6e 49 6d 61 | 67 65 00 fd df ac 01 00 |.!RunIma|ge......|
|00000100| 45 fb ff ff 08 0e ad 62 | 03 00 7f 1b df ac 01 00 |E......b|........|
|00000110| 54 5f 00 00 82 21 53 70 | 72 69 74 65 73 00 fd fd |T_...!Sp|rites...|
|00000120| 4c 08 00 00 45 f9 ff ff | 57 3f 80 58 03 00 70 9a |L...E...|W?.X..p.|
|00000130| 4c 08 00 00 57 0c 02 00 | 82 21 53 70 72 69 74 65 |L...W...|.!Sprite|
|00000140| 73 32 32 00 9c 0d 00 00 | 45 f9 ff ff 91 33 15 62 |s22.....|E....3.b|
|00000150| 03 00 3a 42 9c 0d 00 00 | c7 14 02 00 82 44 61 74 |..:B....|.....Dat|
|00000160| 61 00 00 00 00 2d fd fd | ff ff ff ff 45 ff ff ff |a....-..|....E...|
|00000170| 5b ef a7 73 00 00 00 00 | ff ff ff ff 8c 01 00 80 |[..s....|........|
|00000180| 82 47 43 5f 44 61 74 61 | 00 00 00 00 fa 8c 00 00 |.GC_Data|........|
|00000190| 45 fd ff ff 40 ce 28 5d | 03 00 3c 04 fa 8c 00 00 |E...@.(]|..<.....|
|000001a0| 87 22 02 00 82 53 5f 44 | 61 74 61 00 00 00 00 00 |."...S_D|ata.....|
|000001b0| 58 11 00 00 45 fd ff ff | a2 f7 fa 60 03 00 9a 98 |X...E...|...`....|
|000001c0| 58 11 00 00 a5 af 02 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |X.......|........|
|000001d0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000001e0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 90 00 00 00 82 48 65 6c |........|.....Hel|
|000001f0| 70 54 65 78 74 00 fd fd | c2 16 00 00 45 ff ff ff |pText...|....E...|
|00000200| 0b 8a 03 63 03 00 a4 f3 | c2 16 00 00 21 c1 02 00 |...c....|....!...|
|00000210| 82 53 70 72 69 74 65 73 | 00 2d fd fd 9c 8a 00 00 |.Sprites|.-......|
|00000220| 45 f9 ff ff 26 7b 7d 61 | 03 00 3b ce 9c 8a 00 00 |E...&{}a|..;.....|
|00000230| 07 d8 02 00 82 53 70 72 | 69 74 65 73 32 32 00 fd |.....Spr|ites22..|
|00000240| 3c f6 00 00 45 f9 ff ff | a2 b7 15 62 03 00 84 56 |<...E...|...b...V|
|00000250| 3c f6 00 00 c7 62 03 00 | 82 54 65 6d 70 6c 61 74 |<....b..|.Templat|
|00000260| 65 73 00 fd 65 77 00 00 | 45 ec ff ff 95 8a 85 62 |es..ew..|E......b|
|00000270| 03 00 1a c1 65 77 00 00 | 27 59 04 00 00 61 6c 00 |....ew..|'Y...al.|
|00000280| fe 00 00 00 00 2d fd fd | fd fd fd 00 fd fd fd fd |.....-..|........|
|00000290| fd 76 76 14 14 14 14 14 | 14 76 76 14 50 11 14 14 |.vv.....|.vv.P...|
|000002a0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000002b0| 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 | 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |........|........|
|000002c0| 90 00 00 00 46 69 6c 65 | 44 61 74 61 82 21 42 6f |....File|Data.!Bo|
|000002d0| 6f 74 00 00 00 2d fd fd | 20 00 00 00 44 eb ff ff |ot...-..| ...D...|
|000002e0| 5c 2b 7e c6 03 00 80 1b | 49 63 6f 6e 53 70 72 69 |\+~.....|IconSpri|
|000002f0| 74 65 73 20 3c 4f 62 65 | 79 24 44 69 72 3e 2e 21 |tes <Obe|y$Dir>.!|
|00000300| 53 70 72 69 74 65 73 0a | 46 69 6c 65 44 61 74 61 |Sprites.|FileData|
|00000310| 82 21 48 65 6c 70 00 00 | 00 2d fd fd c2 5d 00 00 |.!Help..|.-...]..|
|00000320| 45 ff ff ff b9 76 9c 62 | 03 00 b6 73 2a 2a 2a 2a |E....v.b|...s****|
|00000330| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000340| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000350| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000360| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000370| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 0a 21 43 4f 32 65 66 |********|*.!CO2ef|
|00000380| 66 65 63 74 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 56 |fect | V|
|00000390| 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 31 | 2e 30 61 20 28 44 45 4d |ersion 1|.0a (DEM|
|000003a0| 4f 20 4f 4e 4c 59 20 76 | 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 29 20 |O ONLY v|ersion) |
|000003b0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 33 30 74 68 20 4d | | 30th M|
|000003c0| 61 79 20 31 39 39 34 0a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |ay 1994.|********|
|000003d0| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|000003e0| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|000003f0| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000400| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000410| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |*****.. | |
|00000420| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000430| 28 63 29 20 31 39 39 34 | 20 42 61 6e 64 79 20 52 |(c) 1994| Bandy R|
|00000440| 69 64 67 77 65 6c 6c 0a | 0a 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 |idgwell.|... |
|00000450| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000460| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 49 6e 74 72 6f 64 75 | | Introdu|
|00000470| 63 74 69 6f 6e 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ction. | |
|00000480| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000490| 20 20 20 20 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | ====|========|
|000004a0| 0a 0a 0a 21 43 4f 32 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 20 69 73 |...!CO2e|ffect is|
|000004b0| 20 61 20 47 6c 6f 62 61 | 6c 20 57 61 72 6d 69 6e | a Globa|l Warmin|
|000004c0| 67 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 77 68 |g simula|tion, wh|
|000004d0| 69 63 68 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 20 66 |ich will| model f|
|000004e0| 75 74 75 72 65 20 0a 27 | 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 |uture .'|greenhou|
|000004f0| 73 65 27 20 67 61 73 20 | 28 6e 61 6d 65 6c 79 20 |se' gas |(namely |
|00000500| 43 4f 32 2c 20 43 48 34 | 2c 20 4e 32 4f 2c 20 43 |CO2, CH4|, N2O, C|
|00000510| 46 43 2d 31 31 2c 20 43 | 46 43 2d 31 32 20 61 6e |FC-11, C|FC-12 an|
|00000520| 64 20 48 43 46 43 2d 32 | 32 29 20 0a 63 6f 6e 63 |d HCFC-2|2) .conc|
|00000530| 65 6e 74 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 73 20 61 6e 64 20 6d |entratio|ns and m|
|00000540| 65 61 6e 20 67 6c 6f 62 | 61 6c 20 73 75 72 66 61 |ean glob|al surfa|
|00000550| 63 65 20 74 65 6d 65 72 | 70 61 74 75 72 65 2c 20 |ce temer|pature, |
|00000560| 66 72 6f 6d 20 67 69 76 | 65 6e 20 63 75 72 72 65 |from giv|en curre|
|00000570| 6e 74 20 61 6e 64 20 0a | 66 75 74 75 72 65 20 72 |nt and .|future r|
|00000580| 61 74 65 73 20 6f 66 20 | 27 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f |ates of |'greenho|
|00000590| 75 73 65 27 20 67 61 73 | 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f |use' gas| emissio|
|000005a0| 6e 73 2e 20 20 50 6f 6c | 69 63 79 20 73 65 6e 61 |ns. Pol|icy sena|
|000005b0| 72 69 6f 73 20 66 6f 72 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c |rios for| control|
|000005c0| 6c 69 6e 67 20 0a 6f 72 | 20 72 65 64 75 63 69 6e |ling .or| reducin|
|000005d0| 67 20 74 68 65 20 65 6d | 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 |g the em|issions |
|000005e0| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 76 | 61 72 69 6f 75 73 20 67 |of the v|arious g|
|000005f0| 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 | 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 20 |reenhous|e gases |
|00000600| 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 | 69 72 20 6d 61 6a 6f 72 |from the|ir major|
|00000610| 20 0a 73 6f 75 72 63 65 | 73 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 | .source|s can be|
|00000620| 20 62 75 69 6c 74 20 75 | 70 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 74 | built u|p, and t|
|00000630| 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 72 75 |he simul|ation ru|
|00000640| 6e 20 74 6f 20 67 69 76 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 66 75 |n to giv|e the fu|
|00000650| 74 75 72 65 20 0a 61 74 | 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 69 |ture .at|mospheri|
|00000660| 63 20 63 6f 6d 70 6f 73 | 69 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 61 |c compos|ition, a|
|00000670| 6e 64 20 74 6f 20 70 72 | 65 64 69 63 74 20 74 68 |nd to pr|edict th|
|00000680| 65 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 | 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 73 75 |e future| mean su|
|00000690| 72 66 61 63 65 20 74 65 | 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 |rface te|mperatur|
|000006a0| 65 20 0a 28 67 6c 6f 62 | 61 6c 6c 79 20 61 6e 64 |e .(glob|ally and|
|000006b0| 20 79 65 61 72 6c 79 20 | 61 76 65 72 61 67 65 64 | yearly |averaged|
|000006c0| 29 2e 20 20 48 69 73 74 | 6f 72 69 63 61 6c 20 64 |). Hist|orical d|
|000006d0| 61 74 61 20 62 61 63 6b | 20 74 6f 20 31 37 35 30 |ata back| to 1750|
|000006e0| 20 69 73 20 69 6e 63 6c | 75 64 65 64 20 73 6f 20 | is incl|uded so |
|000006f0| 0a 74 68 61 74 20 66 75 | 74 75 72 65 20 6c 65 76 |.that fu|ture lev|
|00000700| 65 6c 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 74 72 65 6e 64 73 20 63 |els and |trends c|
|00000710| 61 6e 20 62 65 20 63 6f | 6d 70 61 72 65 64 20 77 |an be co|mpared w|
|00000720| 69 74 68 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 61 73 74 2c 20 61 6e |ith the |past, an|
|00000730| 64 20 0a 70 61 72 74 69 | 63 75 6c 61 72 6c 79 20 |d .parti|cularly |
|00000740| 77 69 74 68 20 62 65 66 | 6f 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 |with bef|ore the |
|00000750| 73 74 61 72 74 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 49 6e 64 |start of| the Ind|
|00000760| 75 73 74 72 69 61 6c 20 | 52 65 76 6f 6c 75 74 69 |ustrial |Revoluti|
|00000770| 6f 6e 2e 0a 0a 0a 54 68 | 65 20 6d 61 69 6e 20 66 |on....Th|e main f|
|00000780| 65 61 74 75 72 65 73 20 | 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 65 3a |eatures |include:|
|00000790| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 2a | 20 50 72 65 64 69 63 74 |.. *| Predict|
|000007a0| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 6d | 65 61 6e 20 67 6c 6f 62 |ion of m|ean glob|
|000007b0| 61 6c 20 73 75 72 66 61 | 63 65 20 74 65 6d 70 65 |al surfa|ce tempe|
|000007c0| 72 61 74 75 72 65 73 20 | 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 72 |ratures |from thr|
|000007d0| 65 65 20 28 63 75 72 72 | 65 6e 74 6c 79 29 20 0a |ee (curr|ently) .|
|000007e0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 64 | 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 | d|ifferent|
|000007f0| 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 20 | 6d 6f 64 65 6c 73 2c 20 | simple |models, |
|00000800| 73 63 61 6c 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 66 69 74 20 74 68 |scaled t|o fit th|
|00000810| 65 20 70 72 65 64 69 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 |e predic|tion of |
|00000820| 63 75 72 72 65 6e 74 20 | 47 43 4d 73 0a 20 20 20 |current |GCMs. |
|00000830| 20 20 20 20 28 47 6c 6f | 62 61 6c 20 43 69 72 63 | (Glo|bal Circ|
|00000840| 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 4d 6f 64 65 6c 73 29 2c |ulation |Models),|
|00000850| 20 6f 72 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 61 20 75 73 65 72 2d | or from| a user-|
|00000860| 64 65 66 69 6e 65 64 20 | 6d 6f 64 65 6c 2e 0a 20 |defined |model.. |
|00000870| 20 20 20 20 2a 20 43 61 | 6c 63 75 6c 61 74 69 6f | * Ca|lculatio|
|00000880| 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 20 |n of the| future |
|00000890| 63 6f 6e 63 65 6e 74 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f |concentr|ations o|
|000008a0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | 69 6e 20 22 67 72 65 65 |f the ma|in "gree|
|000008b0| 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 22 20 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nhouse" |. |
|000008c0| 67 61 73 65 73 2e 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 2a 20 48 69 |gases.. | * Hi|
|000008d0| 73 74 6f 72 69 63 61 6c | 20 64 61 74 61 20 66 6f |storical| data fo|
|000008e0| 72 20 67 61 73 20 63 6f | 6e 63 65 6e 74 72 61 74 |r gas co|ncentrat|
|000008f0| 69 6f 6e 20 62 61 63 6b | 20 74 6f 20 62 65 66 6f |ion back| to befo|
|00000900| 72 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 74 61 72 74 20 6f 66 20 |re the s|tart of |
|00000910| 74 68 65 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 49 6e 64 75 73 |the. | Indus|
|00000920| 74 72 69 61 6c 20 52 65 | 76 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e |trial Re|volution|
|00000930| 20 28 62 61 63 6b 20 74 | 6f 20 31 37 35 30 29 2e | (back t|o 1750).|
|00000940| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 2a 20 | 52 61 74 65 73 20 6f 66 |. * |Rates of|
|00000950| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | emissio|ns from |
|00000960| 61 6c 6c 20 70 72 69 6d | 61 72 79 20 61 6e 74 68 |all prim|ary anth|
|00000970| 72 6f 70 6f 67 65 6e 69 | 63 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 |ropogeni|c source|
|00000980| 73 20 61 72 65 20 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 69 6e |s are . | in|
|00000990| 64 69 76 69 64 75 61 6c | 6c 79 20 66 75 6c 6c 79 |dividual|ly fully|
|000009a0| 20 61 64 6a 75 73 74 61 | 62 6c 65 2e 0a 20 20 20 | adjusta|ble.. |
|000009b0| 20 20 2a 20 34 20 70 6f | 6c 69 63 79 20 27 73 65 | * 4 po|licy 'se|
|000009c0| 6e 61 72 69 6f 73 27 20 | 70 72 65 2d 6c 6f 61 64 |narios' |pre-load|
|000009d0| 65 64 3b 20 69 6e 63 6c | 75 64 69 6e 67 20 74 68 |ed; incl|uding th|
|000009e0| 65 20 6c 61 74 65 73 74 | 20 49 50 43 43 20 0a 20 |e latest| IPCC . |
|000009f0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 49 | 6e 74 65 72 47 6f 76 65 | (I|nterGove|
|00000a00| 72 6e 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c | 20 50 61 6e 65 6c 20 6f |rnmental| Panel o|
|00000a10| 6e 20 43 6c 69 6d 61 74 | 65 20 43 68 61 6e 67 65 |n Climat|e Change|
|00000a20| 29 20 22 42 75 69 73 6e | 65 73 73 20 41 73 20 55 |) "Buisn|ess As U|
|00000a30| 73 75 61 6c 22 20 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 6e |sual" . | (n|
|00000a40| 6f 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 | 6f 6e 61 6c 20 61 63 74 |o additi|onal act|
|00000a50| 69 6f 6e 20 74 61 6b 65 | 6e 20 74 6f 20 72 65 64 |ion take|n to red|
|00000a60| 75 63 65 20 65 6d 69 73 | 73 69 6f 6e 73 29 20 70 |uce emis|sions) p|
|00000a70| 72 65 64 69 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 66 6f 72 20 0a 20 |redictio|n for . |
|00000a80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 66 75 | 74 75 72 65 20 65 6d 69 | fu|ture emi|
|00000a90| 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 2a 20 54 |ssions..| * T|
|00000aa0| 6f 74 61 6c 20 72 61 74 | 65 73 20 6f 66 20 65 6d |otal rat|es of em|
|00000ab0| 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 73 |issions |can be s|
|00000ac0| 65 74 20 69 6e 64 65 70 | 65 6e 64 61 6e 74 6c 79 |et indep|endantly|
|00000ad0| 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 69 | 72 20 69 6e 64 69 76 69 | of thei|r indivi|
|00000ae0| 64 75 61 6c 20 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 73 6f 75 |dual . | sou|
|00000af0| 72 63 65 73 2e 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 2a 20 41 6c 6c |rces.. | * All|
|00000b00| 20 67 72 61 70 68 73 20 | 66 75 6c 6c 79 20 73 63 | graphs |fully sc|
|00000b10| 61 6c 61 62 6c 65 3b 20 | 6d 61 69 6e 20 67 72 61 |alable; |main gra|
|00000b20| 70 68 20 6d 61 79 20 62 | 65 20 64 72 61 67 2d 6d |ph may b|e drag-m|
|00000b30| 61 67 6e 69 66 69 65 64 | 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 20 2a |agnified|.. *|
|00000b40| 20 4d 61 69 6e 20 73 69 | 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e | Main si|mulation|
|00000b50| 20 61 6e 64 20 65 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 67 | and emi|ssions g|
|00000b60| 72 61 70 68 73 20 63 61 | 6e 20 61 6c 6c 20 62 65 |raphs ca|n all be|
|00000b70| 20 73 61 76 65 64 20 61 | 73 20 64 72 61 77 20 66 | saved a|s draw f|
|00000b80| 69 6c 65 73 2e 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 2a 20 45 6d 69 |iles.. | * Emi|
|00000b90| 73 73 69 6f 6e 20 70 61 | 72 61 6d 65 74 65 72 73 |ssion pa|rameters|
|00000ba0| 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 | 73 61 76 65 64 20 66 72 | can be |saved fr|
|00000bb0| 6f 6d 20 61 6e 64 20 6c | 6f 61 64 65 64 20 69 6e |om and l|oaded in|
|00000bc0| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 61 | 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 69 |to the a|pplicati|
|00000bd0| 6f 6e 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 | 20 2a 20 45 6d 69 73 73 |on.. | * Emiss|
|00000be0| 69 6f 6e 20 70 61 72 61 | 6d 65 74 65 72 73 20 63 |ion para|meters c|
|00000bf0| 61 6e 20 62 65 20 73 61 | 76 65 64 20 61 73 20 61 |an be sa|ved as a|
|00000c00| 20 74 65 78 74 20 66 69 | 6c 65 2e 0a 20 20 20 20 | text fi|le.. |
|00000c10| 20 2a 20 41 63 6f 72 6e | 27 73 20 49 6e 74 65 72 | * Acorn|'s Inter|
|00000c20| 61 63 74 69 76 65 20 68 | 65 6c 70 20 73 75 70 70 |active h|elp supp|
|00000c30| 6f 72 74 65 64 2e 0a 0a | 0a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 54 |orted...|.***** T|
|00000c40| 68 69 73 20 64 65 6d 6f | 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e |his demo| version|
|00000c50| 20 68 61 73 20 68 61 64 | 20 74 68 65 20 72 61 74 | has had| the rat|
|00000c60| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 65 6d | 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 |es of em|issions |
|00000c70| 66 65 61 74 75 72 65 20 | 63 72 69 70 6c 65 64 2c |feature |cripled,|
|00000c80| 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 0a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 20 73 75 63 68 | *****.*|*** such|
|00000c90| 20 74 68 61 74 20 63 68 | 61 6e 67 65 73 20 6d 61 | that ch|anges ma|
|00000ca0| 64 65 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | 65 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 |de to th|e variou|
|00000cb0| 73 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 73 6f 75 72 |s emissi|ons sour|
|00000cc0| 63 65 73 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 6e 6f 74 20 62 65 20 |ces will| not be |
|00000cd0| 2a 2a 2a 2a 0a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |****.***|********|
|00000ce0| 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 6d 61 64 | 65 20 70 65 72 6d 61 6e |**** mad|e perman|
|00000cf0| 65 6e 74 20 61 6e 64 20 | 75 73 65 64 20 62 79 20 |ent and |used by |
|00000d00| 74 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 | 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 |the simu|lation. |
|00000d10| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00000d20| 2a 2a 0a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 20 41 64 64 69 74 69 |**.*****|* Additi|
|00000d30| 6f 6e 61 6c 6c 79 2c 20 | 6e 6f 20 75 73 65 72 2d |onally, |no user-|
|00000d40| 64 65 66 69 6e 65 61 62 | 6c 65 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c |defineab|le model|
|00000d50| 20 66 75 6e 63 74 75 6e | 61 6c 69 74 79 20 69 73 | functun|ality is|
|00000d60| 20 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 | 2e 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | present|. ******|
|00000d70| 0a 0a 0a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 | 54 68 69 73 20 70 72 6f |...**** |This pro|
|00000d80| 67 72 61 6d 20 69 73 20 | 64 65 73 69 67 6e 65 64 |gram is |designed|
|00000d90| 20 74 6f 20 69 64 65 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 72 75 6e 20 | to idea|lly run |
|00000da0| 75 6e 64 65 72 20 52 49 | 53 43 20 4f 53 20 33 2e |under RI|SC OS 3.|
|00000db0| 31 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 6c | 6f 6f 6b 73 20 2a 2a 2a |1, and l|ooks ***|
|00000dc0| 0a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 62 | 65 73 74 20 61 20 68 69 |.***** b|est a hi|
|00000dd0| 67 68 20 72 65 73 6f 6c | 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 63 |gh resol|ution sc|
|00000de0| 72 65 65 6e 20 6d 6f 64 | 65 2e 20 20 48 6f 77 65 |reen mod|e. Howe|
|00000df0| 76 65 72 20 74 68 65 20 | 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 20 |ver the |program |
|00000e00| 77 69 6c 6c 20 72 75 6e | 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 0a 2a |will run| *****.*|
|00000e10| 2a 2a 20 61 64 65 71 75 | 61 74 65 6c 79 20 69 6e |** adequ|ately in|
|00000e20| 20 61 20 6c 6f 77 20 72 | 65 73 20 6d 6f 64 65 2c | a low r|es mode,|
|00000e30| 20 61 6e 64 20 75 6e 64 | 65 72 20 52 49 53 43 20 | and und|er RISC |
|00000e40| 4f 53 20 32 20 74 68 65 | 20 6f 6e 6c 79 20 64 69 |OS 2 the| only di|
|00000e50| 66 66 65 72 65 6e 63 65 | 20 2a 2a 2a 0a 2a 2a 2a |fference| ***.***|
|00000e60| 2a 2a 2a 2a 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 62 65 20 74 68 61 |**** wil|l be tha|
|00000e70| 74 20 74 68 65 20 72 6f | 74 61 74 65 64 20 74 65 |t the ro|tated te|
|00000e80| 78 74 20 79 2d 61 78 69 | 73 20 6c 61 62 65 6c 73 |xt y-axi|s labels|
|00000e90| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 62 65 | 20 6d 69 73 73 69 6e 67 | will be| missing|
|00000ea0| 2e 20 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 0a 0a 0a 0a 20 20 |. ******|**.... |
|00000eb0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000ec0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 41 62 6f 75 74 20 | | About |
|00000ed0| 74 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 | 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 0a 20 |the simu|lation. |
|00000ee0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00000ef0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | | =====|
|00000f00| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a |========|=======.|
|00000f10| 0a 0a 20 20 50 75 74 20 | 76 65 72 79 20 73 69 6d |.. Put |very sim|
|00000f20| 70 6c 79 2c 20 74 68 65 | 20 45 61 72 74 68 27 73 |ply, the| Earth's|
|00000f30| 20 63 6c 69 6d 61 74 65 | 20 73 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | climate| system |
|00000f40| 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 61 73 | 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 73 |works as| follows|
|00000f50| 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 0a 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 45 61 72 |:. . | The Ear|
|00000f60| 74 68 20 61 62 73 6f 72 | 62 73 20 72 61 64 69 61 |th absor|bs radia|
|00000f70| 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 74 68 65 20 53 75 |tion fro|m the Su|
|00000f80| 6e 2c 20 6d 61 69 6e 6c | 79 20 61 74 20 74 68 65 |n, mainl|y at the|
|00000f90| 20 73 75 72 66 61 63 65 | 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 | surface|. This |
|00000fa0| 0a 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 65 6e 20 |.energy |is then |
|00000fb0| 72 65 64 69 73 74 72 69 | 62 75 74 65 64 20 62 79 |redistri|buted by|
|00000fc0| 20 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d | 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 | the atm|osphere |
|00000fd0| 61 6e 64 20 6f 63 65 61 | 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 72 65 |and ocea|n and re|
|00000fe0| 2d 72 61 64 69 61 74 65 | 64 20 74 6f 20 0a 73 70 |-radiate|d to .sp|
|00000ff0| 61 63 65 20 61 74 20 6c | 6f 6e 67 65 72 20 28 27 |ace at l|onger ('|
|00001000| 69 6e 66 72 61 72 65 64 | 27 29 20 77 61 76 65 6c |infrared|') wavel|
|00001010| 65 6e 67 74 68 73 2e 20 | 20 53 6f 6d 65 20 6f 66 |engths. | Some of|
|00001020| 20 74 68 65 20 74 68 65 | 72 6d 61 6c 20 72 61 64 | the the|rmal rad|
|00001030| 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 | 73 20 0a 61 62 73 6f 72 |iation i|s .absor|
|00001040| 62 65 64 20 62 79 20 72 | 61 64 69 61 74 69 76 65 |bed by r|adiative|
|00001050| 6c 79 2d 61 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 28 27 67 72 65 65 |ly-activ|e ('gree|
|00001060| 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 27 29 | 20 67 61 73 65 73 20 69 |nhouse')| gases i|
|00001070| 6e 20 74 68 65 20 61 74 | 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 |n the at|mosphere|
|00001080| 2c 20 0a 70 72 69 6e 63 | 69 70 61 6c 6c 79 20 77 |, .princ|ipally w|
|00001090| 61 74 65 72 20 76 61 70 | 6f 69 72 2c 20 62 75 74 |ater vap|oir, but|
|000010a0| 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 63 61 | 72 62 6f 6e 20 64 69 6f | also ca|rbon dio|
|000010b0| 78 69 64 65 2c 20 6d 65 | 74 68 61 6e 65 2c 20 6e |xide, me|thane, n|
|000010c0| 69 74 72 6f 75 73 20 6f | 78 69 64 65 2c 20 0a 74 |itrous o|xide, .t|
|000010d0| 68 65 20 43 46 43 73 2c | 20 6f 7a 6f 6e 65 20 61 |he CFCs,| ozone a|
|000010e0| 6e 64 20 6f 74 68 65 72 | 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f |nd other| greenho|
|000010f0| 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 | 73 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 |use gase|s. The |
|00001100| 61 62 73 6f 72 62 65 64 | 20 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 |absorbed| energy |
|00001110| 69 73 20 72 65 2d 0a 72 | 61 64 69 61 74 65 64 20 |is re-.r|adiated |
|00001120| 69 6e 20 61 6c 6c 20 64 | 69 72 65 63 74 69 6f 6e |in all d|irection|
|00001130| 73 2c 20 64 6f 77 6e 77 | 61 72 64 73 20 61 73 20 |s, downw|ards as |
|00001140| 77 65 6c 6c 20 61 73 20 | 75 70 77 61 72 64 73 20 |well as |upwards |
|00001150| 73 75 63 68 20 74 68 61 | 74 20 74 68 65 20 0a 72 |such tha|t the .r|
|00001160| 61 64 69 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 73 |adiation| that is|
|00001170| 20 65 76 65 6e 74 69 61 | 6c 6c 79 20 6c 6f 73 74 | eventia|lly lost|
|00001180| 20 74 6f 20 73 70 61 63 | 65 20 69 73 20 66 72 6f | to spac|e is fro|
|00001190| 6d 20 68 69 67 68 65 72 | 2c 20 63 6f 6c 64 65 72 |m higher|, colder|
|000011a0| 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 73 20 | 69 6e 20 0a 74 68 65 20 | levels |in .the |
|000011b0| 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 | 72 65 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |atmosphe|re. The|
|000011c0| 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 20 | 69 73 20 74 68 61 74 20 | result |is that |
|000011d0| 74 68 65 20 73 75 72 66 | 61 63 65 20 6c 6f 73 65 |the surf|ace lose|
|000011e0| 73 20 6c 65 73 73 20 68 | 65 61 74 20 74 6f 20 73 |s less h|eat to s|
|000011f0| 70 61 63 65 20 0a 74 68 | 61 6e 20 69 74 20 77 6f |pace .th|an it wo|
|00001200| 75 6c 64 20 6f 74 68 65 | 72 77 69 73 65 20 64 6f |uld othe|rwise do|
|00001210| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 62 73 65 6e 63 65 20 | in the |absence |
|00001220| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 67 | 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 |of the g|reenhous|
|00001230| 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 0a 63 6f 6e |e gases |and .con|
|00001240| 73 65 71 75 65 6e 74 6c | 79 20 73 74 61 79 73 20 |sequentl|y stays |
|00001250| 77 61 72 6d 65 72 20 74 | 68 61 6e 20 69 74 20 77 |warmer t|han it w|
|00001260| 6f 75 6c 64 20 6f 74 68 | 65 72 77 69 73 65 20 62 |ould oth|erwise b|
|00001270| 65 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 | 20 70 68 65 6e 6f 6d 65 |e. This| phenome|
|00001280| 6e 6f 6e 2c 20 0a 77 68 | 69 63 68 20 61 63 74 73 |non, .wh|ich acts|
|00001290| 20 72 61 74 68 65 72 20 | 6c 69 6b 65 20 61 20 27 | rather |like a '|
|000012a0| 62 6c 61 6e 6b 65 74 27 | 20 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 |blanket'| around |
|000012b0| 74 68 65 20 45 61 72 74 | 68 2c 20 69 73 20 6b 6e |the Eart|h, is kn|
|000012c0| 6f 77 6e 20 61 73 20 74 | 68 65 20 0a 67 72 65 65 |own as t|he .gree|
|000012d0| 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 65 | 66 66 65 63 74 2e 20 20 |nhouse e|ffect. |
|000012e0| 57 69 74 68 6f 75 74 20 | 73 75 63 68 20 61 20 62 |Without |such a b|
|000012f0| 6c 61 6e 6b 65 74 2c 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 76 65 72 |lanket, |the aver|
|00001300| 61 67 65 20 73 75 72 66 | 61 63 65 20 74 65 6d 70 |age surf|ace temp|
|00001310| 65 72 61 74 75 72 65 20 | 0a 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 |erature |.would b|
|00001320| 65 20 77 65 6c 6c 20 69 | 6e 20 65 78 63 65 73 73 |e well i|n excess|
|00001330| 20 6f 66 20 2d 31 30 b0 | 43 20 28 74 68 65 20 67 | of -10.|C (the g|
|00001340| 6c 6f 62 61 6c 20 65 76 | 65 72 61 67 65 20 73 75 |lobal ev|erage su|
|00001350| 72 66 61 63 65 20 74 65 | 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 |rface te|mperatur|
|00001360| 65 20 69 73 20 0a 61 62 | 6f 75 74 20 31 35 b0 43 |e is .ab|out 15.C|
|00001370| 29 2e 0a 20 20 41 6c 6c | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |).. All| of the |
|00001380| 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 | 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 |greenhou|se gases|
|00001390| 20 65 78 63 65 70 74 20 | 74 68 65 20 6d 61 6e 2d | except |the man-|
|000013a0| 6d 61 64 65 20 43 46 43 | 73 20 61 72 65 20 6e 61 |made CFC|s are na|
|000013b0| 74 72 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 | 70 72 65 73 65 6e 74 20 |trually |present |
|000013c0| 0a 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 |.in the |atmosphe|
|000013d0| 72 65 2c 20 73 6f 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 67 6c 6f 62 |re, so t|hat glob|
|000013e0| 61 6c 20 77 61 72 6d 69 | 6e 67 20 69 73 20 61 62 |al warmi|ng is ab|
|000013f0| 6f 75 74 20 74 68 65 20 | 27 65 6e 68 61 6e 63 65 |out the |'enhance|
|00001400| 6d 65 6e 74 27 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 0a 27 6e |ment' of| the .'n|
|00001410| 61 74 75 72 61 6c 27 20 | 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 |atural' |greenhou|
|00001420| 73 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 | 74 20 62 79 20 74 68 65 |se effec|t by the|
|00001430| 20 61 64 64 69 74 69 6f | 6e 20 6f 66 20 67 72 65 | additio|n of gre|
|00001440| 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 | 67 61 73 65 73 20 66 72 |enhouse |gases fr|
|00001450| 6f 6d 20 0a 61 6e 74 68 | 72 6f 70 6f 67 65 6e 69 |om .anth|ropogeni|
|00001460| 63 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 | 73 20 28 73 69 6e 63 65 |c source|s (since|
|00001470| 20 74 68 65 20 73 74 61 | 72 74 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | the sta|rt of th|
|00001480| 65 20 49 6e 64 75 73 74 | 72 69 61 6c 20 52 65 76 |e Indust|rial Rev|
|00001490| 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f 6e 29 | 2e 0a 0a 20 20 54 68 65 |olution)|... The|
|000014a0| 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f | 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 | greenho|use gase|
|000014b0| 73 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 6c | 65 64 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |s modell|ed in th|
|000014c0| 69 73 20 73 69 6d 75 6c | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 72 |is simul|ation ar|
|000014d0| 65 20 28 77 69 74 68 20 | 63 75 72 72 65 63 74 20 |e (with |currect |
|000014e0| 28 31 39 39 30 29 20 0a | 63 6f 6e 74 72 69 62 75 |(1990) .|contribu|
|000014f0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 65 6e 68 61 |tion to |the enha|
|00001500| 6e 63 65 64 20 67 72 65 | 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 |nced gre|enhouse |
|00001510| 65 66 66 65 63 74 20 28 | 69 65 20 67 6c 6f 62 61 |effect (|ie globa|
|00001520| 6c 20 77 61 72 6d 69 6e | 67 29 29 3b 0a 0a 20 20 |l warmin|g));.. |
|00001530| 43 4f 32 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |CO2 | |
|00001540| 20 20 20 20 2d 20 20 36 | 31 2e 32 25 0a 20 20 43 | - 6|1.2%. C|
|00001550| 48 34 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |H4 | |
|00001560| 20 20 20 2d 20 20 31 37 | 2e 31 25 0a 20 20 4e 32 | - 17|.1%. N2|
|00001570| 4f 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |O | |
|00001580| 20 20 2d 20 20 20 34 2e | 31 25 0a 20 20 43 46 43 | - 4.|1%. CFC|
|00001590| 2d 31 31 20 20 28 43 43 | 6c 33 46 29 20 20 20 20 |-11 (CC|l3F) |
|000015a0| 20 2d 20 20 20 32 2e 35 | 25 0a 20 20 43 46 43 2d | - 2.5|%. CFC-|
|000015b0| 31 32 20 20 28 43 43 6c | 32 46 32 29 20 20 20 20 |12 (CCl|2F2) |
|000015c0| 2d 20 20 20 35 2e 37 25 | 0a 20 20 48 43 46 43 2d |- 5.7%|. HCFC-|
|000015d0| 32 32 20 28 43 48 43 6c | 46 32 29 20 20 20 20 2d |22 (CHCl|F2) -|
|000015e0| 20 20 20 33 2e 35 25 0a | 20 20 0a 20 20 54 68 65 | 3.5%.| . The|
|000015f0| 20 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 69 | 6e 67 20 35 2e 39 25 20 | remaini|ng 5.9% |
|00001600| 69 73 20 64 75 65 20 74 | 6f 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 |is due t|o change|
|00001610| 73 20 69 6e 20 73 74 72 | 61 74 6f 73 70 68 65 72 |s in str|atospher|
|00001620| 69 63 20 77 61 74 65 72 | 20 76 61 70 6f 75 72 20 |ic water| vapour |
|00001630| 63 6f 6d 6d 69 6e 67 20 | 0a 61 62 6f 75 74 20 61 |comming |.about a|
|00001640| 73 20 61 6e 20 69 6e 64 | 69 72 65 63 74 20 65 66 |s an ind|irect ef|
|00001650| 66 65 63 74 20 6f 66 20 | 63 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 |fect of |changes |
|00001660| 69 6e 20 6d 65 74 68 61 | 6e 65 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 |in metha|ne conce|
|00001670| 6e 74 72 61 74 69 6f 6e | 2e 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 |ntration|. This |
|00001680| 69 73 20 0a 6e 6f 74 20 | 6d 6f 64 65 6c 65 64 20 |is .not |modeled |
|00001690| 69 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 | 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 2e |in this |version.|
|000016a0| 0a 0a 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 67 61 73 20 72 65 66 65 |.. The |gas refe|
|000016b0| 72 72 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 61 73 20 48 43 46 43 2d |rred to |as HCFC-|
|000016c0| 32 32 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 |22 in th|e simula|
|000016d0| 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 69 73 | 20 75 73 65 64 20 61 73 |tion, is| used as|
|000016e0| 20 61 20 73 75 72 72 6f | 67 61 74 65 20 0a 66 6f | a surro|gate .fo|
|000016f0| 72 20 61 6c 6c 20 68 61 | 6c 6f 63 61 72 62 6f 6e |r all ha|locarbon|
|00001700| 20 43 46 43 2d 31 31 20 | 61 6e 64 20 43 46 43 2d | CFC-11 |and CFC-|
|00001710| 31 32 20 73 75 62 73 74 | 69 74 75 74 65 73 2e 0a |12 subst|itutes..|
|00001720| 0a 0a 0a 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 |... The| simulat|
|00001730| 69 6f 6e 20 63 6f 6e 73 | 69 73 74 73 20 6f 66 20 |ion cons|ists of |
|00001740| 74 77 6f 20 6d 61 69 6e | 20 70 61 72 74 73 3b 20 |two main| parts; |
|00001750| 74 68 65 20 63 61 6c 63 | 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |the calc|ulation |
|00001760| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6c | 65 76 65 6c 73 20 0a 6f |of the l|evels .o|
|00001770| 66 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 |f emissi|ons of t|
|00001780| 68 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e | 68 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 |he green|house ga|
|00001790| 73 65 73 20 66 72 6f 6d | 20 74 68 65 69 72 20 76 |ses from| their v|
|000017a0| 61 72 69 6f 75 73 20 73 | 6f 75 72 63 65 73 3b 20 |arious s|ources; |
|000017b0| 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 | 0a 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 |and the |.calcula|
|000017c0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 | 74 68 65 20 67 61 73 20 |tion of |the gas |
|000017d0| 63 6f 6e 63 65 6e 74 72 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6c 65 |concentr|ation le|
|000017e0| 76 65 6c 73 20 74 68 65 | 73 65 20 65 6d 69 73 73 |vels the|se emiss|
|000017f0| 69 6f 6e 73 20 77 69 6c | 6c 20 6c 65 61 64 20 74 |ions wil|l lead t|
|00001800| 6f 2c 20 0a 61 6e 64 20 | 74 68 75 73 20 74 68 65 |o, .and |thus the|
|00001810| 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 69 | 6e 67 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 | resulti|ng mean |
|00001820| 73 75 72 66 61 63 65 20 | 74 65 6d 70 65 72 61 74 |surface |temperat|
|00001830| 75 72 65 2e 0a 0a 0a 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ure.....| |
|00001840| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00001850| 20 20 20 20 31 2e 20 45 | 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 1. E|missions|
|00001860| 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 6c 69 | 6e 67 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | modelli|ng. |
|00001870| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00001880| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | =|========|
|00001890| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a 0a 0a |========|=====...|
|000018a0| 20 20 54 68 65 20 70 72 | 69 6d 61 72 79 20 61 6e | The pr|imary an|
|000018b0| 74 68 72 6f 70 6f 67 65 | 6e 69 63 20 73 6f 75 72 |thropoge|nic sour|
|000018c0| 63 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 76 61 72 69 6f |ces of t|he vario|
|000018d0| 75 73 20 67 72 65 65 6e | 68 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 |us green|house ga|
|000018e0| 73 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 | 61 73 20 0a 66 6f 6c 6c |ses are |as .foll|
|000018f0| 6f 77 73 2c 20 28 73 6f | 75 72 63 65 73 20 69 6e |ows, (so|urces in|
|00001900| 20 70 61 72 65 6e 74 68 | 65 73 69 65 73 20 61 72 | parenth|esies ar|
|00001910| 65 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 64 | 6a 75 73 74 61 62 6c 65 |e not ad|justable|
|00001920| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e | in this| version|
|00001930| 29 3a 0a 20 20 20 20 0a | 47 61 73 20 20 20 20 20 |):. .|Gas |
|00001940| 52 65 61 6c 20 73 6f 75 | 72 63 65 20 20 20 20 20 |Real sou|rce |
|00001950| 20 20 25 20 69 6d 70 6f | 72 74 61 6e 63 65 20 20 | % impo|rtance |
|00001960| 20 20 20 20 76 31 2e 30 | 61 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 20 | v1.0|a model |
|00001970| 73 6f 75 72 63 65 0a 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |source. | |
|00001980| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 62 | | (b|
|00001990| 79 20 6d 61 73 73 20 65 | 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 |y mass e|missions|
|000019a0| 29 0a 20 20 20 20 0a 43 | 4f 32 20 20 2d 20 20 65 |). .C|O2 - e|
|000019b0| 6e 65 72 67 79 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |nergy | |
|000019c0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 38 30 25 20 | | 80% |
|000019d0| 20 20 20 65 6e 65 72 67 | 79 20 75 73 65 2c 20 74 | energ|y use, t|
|000019e0| 72 61 6e 73 70 6f 72 74 | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ransport|. |
|000019f0| 20 64 65 66 6f 72 65 73 | 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 20 | defores|tation |
|00001a00| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 37 | | 17|
|00001a10| 25 20 20 20 20 64 65 66 | 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 |% def|orestati|
|00001a20| 6f 6e 2c 20 72 65 66 6f | 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f |on, refo|restatio|
|00001a30| 6e 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 63 65 6d 65 6e 74 |n. | cement|
|00001a40| 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 20 20 20 20 | product|ion |
|00001a50| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 | 33 25 20 20 20 20 6d 69 | 0|3% mi|
|00001a60| 73 63 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 2d 20 63 65 6d |sc sourc|es - cem|
|00001a70| 65 6e 74 20 70 72 6f 64 | 75 63 74 69 6f 6e 0a 0a |ent prod|uction..|
|00001a80| 43 48 34 20 20 2d 20 20 | 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 70 |CH4 - |energy p|
|00001a90| 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f | 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 75 73 |roductio|n and us|
|00001aa0| 65 20 20 20 20 32 36 25 | 20 20 20 20 65 6e 65 72 |e 26%| ener|
|00001ab0| 67 79 20 75 73 65 2c 20 | 74 72 61 6e 73 70 6f 72 |gy use, |transpor|
|00001ac0| 74 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 65 6e 74 65 72 69 |t. | enteri|
|00001ad0| 63 20 66 65 72 6d 65 6e | 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 20 |c fermen|tation |
|00001ae0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 32 | 34 25 20 20 20 20 61 67 | 2|4% ag|
|00001af0| 72 69 63 75 6c 74 75 72 | 65 20 2d 20 6c 69 76 65 |ricultur|e - live|
|00001b00| 73 74 6f 63 6b 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 28 72 |stock. | (r|
|00001b10| 69 63 65 29 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ice) | |
|00001b20| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 31 37 25 20 20 | | 17% |
|00001b30| 20 20 28 72 65 6d 61 69 | 6e 69 6e 67 20 73 6f 75 | (remai|ning sou|
|00001b40| 72 63 65 73 29 0a 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 61 6e |rces). | an|
|00001b50| 69 6d 61 6c 20 77 61 73 | 74 65 73 20 20 20 20 20 |imal was|tes |
|00001b60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 37 25 20 20 | | 7% |
|00001b70| 20 20 61 67 72 69 63 75 | 6c 74 75 72 65 20 2d 20 | agricu|lture - |
|00001b80| 6c 69 76 65 73 74 6f 63 | 6b 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |livestoc|k. |
|00001b90| 20 20 6c 61 6e 64 66 69 | 6c 6c 73 20 20 20 20 20 | landfi|lls |
|00001ba0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 | | 1|
|00001bb0| 31 25 20 20 20 20 6d 69 | 73 63 20 73 6f 75 72 63 |1% mi|sc sourc|
|00001bc0| 65 73 20 2d 20 73 65 77 | 61 67 65 20 26 20 6c 61 |es - sew|age & la|
|00001bd0| 6e 64 66 69 6c 6c 73 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ndfills.| |
|00001be0| 62 69 6f 6d 61 73 73 20 | 62 75 72 6e 69 6e 67 20 |biomass |burning |
|00001bf0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 38 25 | | 8%|
|00001c00| 20 20 20 20 64 65 66 6f | 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f | defo|restatio|
|00001c10| 6e 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 64 6f 6d 65 73 74 |n. | domest|
|00001c20| 69 63 20 73 65 77 61 67 | 65 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ic sewag|e |
|00001c30| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 37 25 20 20 20 20 6d 69 | |7% mi|
|00001c40| 73 63 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 2d 20 73 65 77 |sc sourc|es - sew|
|00001c50| 61 67 65 20 26 20 6c 61 | 6e 64 66 69 6c 6c 73 0a |age & la|ndfills.|
|00001c60| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 0a 4e 32 4f 20 20 | | .N2O |
|00001c70| 2d 20 20 65 6e 65 72 67 | 79 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |- energ|y |
|00001c80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00001c90| 20 39 25 20 20 20 20 65 | 6e 65 72 67 79 20 75 73 | 9% e|nergy us|
|00001ca0| 65 2c 20 74 72 61 6e 73 | 70 6f 72 74 0a 20 20 20 |e, trans|port. |
|00001cb0| 20 20 20 20 20 66 65 72 | 74 69 6c 69 7a 65 64 20 | fer|tilized |
|00001cc0| 73 6f 69 6c 73 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |soils | |
|00001cd0| 20 20 34 38 25 20 20 20 | 20 61 67 72 69 63 75 6c | 48% | agricul|
|00001ce0| 74 75 72 65 20 2d 20 66 | 65 72 74 69 6c 69 7a 65 |ture - f|ertilize|
|00001cf0| 72 73 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 28 6c 61 6e 64 |rs. | (land|
|00001d00| 20 63 6c 65 61 72 69 6e | 67 29 20 20 20 20 20 20 | clearin|g) |
|00001d10| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 37 25 20 20 20 20 28 | |17% (|
|00001d20| 72 65 6d 61 69 6e 69 6e | 67 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 |remainin|g source|
|00001d30| 73 29 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 61 64 69 70 69 |s). | adipi|
|00001d40| 63 20 61 63 69 64 20 70 | 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f |c acid p|roductio|
|00001d50| 6e 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 31 31 25 20 20 20 20 6d |n |11% m|
|00001d60| 69 73 63 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 73 20 2d 20 61 63 |isc sour|ces - ac|
|00001d70| 69 64 20 70 72 6f 64 75 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 0a 20 20 |id produ|ction. |
|00001d80| 20 20 20 20 20 20 6e 69 | 74 72 69 63 20 61 63 69 | ni|tric aci|
|00001d90| 64 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 20 20 20 |d produc|tion |
|00001da0| 20 20 20 20 34 25 20 20 | 20 20 6d 69 73 63 20 73 | 4% | misc s|
|00001db0| 6f 75 72 63 65 73 20 2d | 20 61 63 69 64 20 70 72 |ources -| acid pr|
|00001dc0| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |oduction|. |
|00001dd0| 20 62 69 6f 6d 61 73 73 | 20 62 75 72 6e 69 6e 67 | biomass| burning|
|00001de0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 31 31 | | 11|
|00001df0| 25 20 20 20 20 64 65 66 | 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 |% def|orestati|
|00001e00| 6f 6e 0a 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 0a 43 46 43 73 |on. | .CFCs|
|00001e10| 20 2d 20 20 74 68 65 20 | 69 6e 64 69 76 69 64 75 | - the |individu|
|00001e20| 61 6c 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 61 72 65 20 6e |al sourc|es are n|
|00001e30| 6f 74 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c | 6c 65 64 2e 20 20 4f 76 |ot model|led. Ov|
|00001e40| 65 72 61 6c 6c 20 70 72 | 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e |erall pr|oduction|
|00001e50| 20 69 73 20 0a 61 64 6a | 75 73 74 61 62 6c 65 2c | is .adj|ustable,|
|00001e60| 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 6c | 20 74 68 69 73 20 70 72 | and all| this pr|
|00001e70| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 20 69 73 20 61 73 73 75 |oduction| is assu|
|00001e80| 6d 65 64 20 74 6f 20 66 | 69 6e 64 20 69 74 27 73 |med to f|ind it's|
|00001e90| 20 77 61 79 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 0a 61 | way int|o the .a|
|00001ea0| 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 | 65 20 74 68 65 20 73 61 |tmospher|e the sa|
|00001eb0| 6d 65 20 79 65 61 72 2e | 0a 0a 5b 54 68 65 20 61 |me year.|..[The a|
|00001ec0| 62 6f 76 65 20 66 69 67 | 75 72 65 73 20 61 72 65 |bove fig|ures are|
|00001ed0| 20 74 61 6b 65 6e 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 | taken f|rom the |
|00001ee0| 6c 61 74 65 73 74 20 49 | 50 43 43 20 61 73 73 65 |latest I|PCC asse|
|00001ef0| 73 73 6d 65 6e 74 5d 0a | 0a 0a 20 20 46 75 74 75 |ssment].|.. Futu|
|00001f00| 72 65 20 65 6d 69 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 6d 61 79 |re emiss|ions may|
|00001f10| 20 62 65 20 61 64 6a 75 | 73 74 65 64 20 69 6e 20 | be adju|sted in |
|00001f20| 74 77 6f 20 64 69 66 66 | 65 72 65 63 74 20 77 61 |two diff|erect wa|
|00001f30| 79 73 3b 20 65 69 74 68 | 65 72 20 62 79 20 0a 73 |ys; eith|er by .s|
|00001f40| 65 74 74 69 6e 67 20 65 | 61 63 68 20 73 6f 75 72 |etting e|ach sour|
|00001f50| 63 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 |ce of th|e variou|
|00001f60| 73 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 | 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 |s greenh|ouse gas|
|00001f70| 65 73 20 69 6e 64 69 76 | 69 64 75 61 6c 6c 79 20 |es indiv|idually |
|00001f80| 28 73 6f 6d 65 20 6f 66 | 20 0a 74 68 65 20 73 6f |(some of| .the so|
|00001f90| 75 72 63 65 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 63 6f 6d 6d 6f 6e |urces ar|e common|
|00001fa0| 20 74 6f 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 74 68 61 6e 20 6f 6e | to more| than on|
|00001fb0| 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 | 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 |e greenh|ouse gas|
|00001fc0| 2c 20 65 2e 67 2e 20 64 | 65 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 |, e.g. d|eforesta|
|00001fd0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 0a 69 73 | 20 72 65 73 70 6f 6e 73 |tion .is| respons|
|00001fe0| 69 62 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 6c |ible for| the rel|
|00001ff0| 65 61 73 65 20 6f 66 20 | 43 4f 32 2c 20 43 48 34 |ease of |CO2, CH4|
|00002000| 20 61 6e 64 20 4e 32 4f | 29 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | and N2O|) in the|
|00002010| 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 73 | 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 20 | various| source |
|00002020| 0a 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 | 3b 20 6f 72 20 62 79 20 |.windows|; or by |
|00002030| 73 65 74 74 69 6e 67 20 | 74 68 65 20 74 6f 74 61 |setting |the tota|
|00002040| 6c 20 6c 65 76 65 6c 73 | 20 28 62 79 20 67 72 6f |l levels| (by gro|
|00002050| 77 74 68 2f 72 65 64 75 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 |wth/redu|ction of|
|00002060| 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 31 39 | 39 30 20 0a 6c 65 76 65 | from 19|90 .leve|
|00002070| 6c 73 29 20 6f 66 20 65 | 61 63 68 20 67 72 65 65 |ls) of e|ach gree|
|00002080| 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 67 | 61 73 20 75 73 69 6e 67 |nhouse g|as using|
|00002090| 20 74 68 65 20 27 53 65 | 74 20 45 6d 69 73 73 69 | the 'Se|t Emissi|
|000020a0| 6f 6e 73 27 20 77 69 6e | 64 6f 77 20 28 65 2e 67 |ons' win|dow (e.g|
|000020b0| 2e 20 74 68 65 20 0a 65 | 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 |. the .e|missions|
|000020c0| 20 6f 66 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 | of all |greenhou|
|000020d0| 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 | 20 63 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 |se gases| could b|
|000020e0| 65 20 68 65 6c 64 20 61 | 74 20 31 39 39 30 20 6c |e held a|t 1990 l|
|000020f0| 65 76 65 6c 73 20 75 73 | 69 6e 67 20 74 68 69 73 |evels us|ing this|
|00002100| 20 0a 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 | 29 2e 20 20 54 68 73 65 | .window|). Thse|
|00002110| 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 | 73 20 61 72 65 20 61 63 |s window|s are ac|
|00002120| 63 65 73 73 65 64 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 74 68 65 20 |cessed f|rom the |
|00002130| 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e | 73 20 74 6f 6f 6c 62 61 |emission|s toolba|
|00002140| 72 20 62 79 20 0a 63 6c | 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 53 |r by .cl|icking S|
|00002150| 45 4c 45 43 54 2e 20 20 | 46 75 74 75 72 65 20 63 |ELECT. |Future c|
|00002160| 68 61 6e 67 65 73 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 |hanges i|n the va|
|00002170| 72 69 6f 75 73 20 65 6d | 69 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 |rious em|isions s|
|00002180| 6f 75 72 63 65 73 20 6f | 72 20 0a 65 6d 69 73 73 |ources o|r .emiss|
|00002190| 69 6f 6e 73 20 6c 65 76 | 65 6c 73 20 61 72 65 20 |ions lev|els are |
|000021a0| 73 65 74 20 69 6e 20 75 | 70 20 74 6f 20 35 20 70 |set in u|p to 5 p|
|000021b0| 68 61 73 65 73 20 28 70 | 68 61 73 65 20 23 30 20 |hases (p|hase #0 |
|000021c0| 69 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 61 | 64 6a 75 73 74 61 62 6c |is not a|djustabl|
|000021d0| 65 20 0a 28 65 78 63 65 | 70 74 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |e .(exce|pt in th|
|000021e0| 65 20 27 53 65 74 20 45 | 6d 69 73 69 6f 6e 73 27 |e 'Set E|misions'|
|000021f0| 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 29 | 2e 20 20 56 61 6c 75 65 | window)|. Value|
|00002200| 73 20 61 72 65 20 27 70 | 68 61 73 65 64 20 69 6e |s are 'p|hased in|
|00002210| 27 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 |' over t|he time |
|00002220| 0a 73 63 61 6c 65 20 73 | 65 74 20 28 69 65 20 69 |.scale s|et (ie i|
|00002230| 6e 74 65 72 6d 65 64 69 | 61 74 65 20 76 61 6c 75 |ntermedi|ate valu|
|00002240| 65 20 61 72 65 20 69 6e | 74 65 72 70 6f 6c 61 74 |e are in|terpolat|
|00002250| 65 64 29 2c 20 65 78 63 | 65 70 74 20 66 6f 72 20 |ed), exc|ept for |
|00002260| 70 65 72 63 65 6e 74 61 | 67 65 20 0a 63 68 61 6e |percenta|ge .chan|
|00002270| 67 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 | 73 20 28 65 2e 67 2e 20 |ge value|s (e.g. |
|00002280| 67 72 6f 77 74 68 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 6e 75 |growth i|n the nu|
|00002290| 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 20 | 76 65 68 69 63 6c 65 20 |mber of |vehicle |
|000022a0| 6d 69 6c 65 73 20 74 72 | 61 76 65 6c 6c 65 64 20 |miles tr|avelled |
|000022b0| 28 56 4d 54 29 20 69 6e | 20 0a 74 68 65 20 74 72 |(VMT) in| .the tr|
|000022c0| 61 6e 73 70 6f 72 74 20 | 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 29 20 |ansport |window) |
|000022d0| 77 68 69 63 68 20 61 72 | 65 20 6b 65 70 74 20 63 |which ar|e kept c|
|000022e0| 6f 6e 73 74 61 6e 74 20 | 61 74 20 74 68 65 20 73 |onstant |at the s|
|000022f0| 65 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65 | 20 66 6f 72 20 74 68 65 |et value| for the|
|00002300| 20 0a 64 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | .durati|on of th|
|00002310| 65 20 70 68 61 73 65 2e | 20 20 50 68 61 73 65 73 |e phase.| Phases|
|00002320| 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 | 73 65 74 20 66 72 6f 6d | can be |set from|
|00002330| 20 31 20 74 6f 20 31 35 | 35 20 79 65 61 72 73 20 | 1 to 15|5 years |
|00002340| 28 69 6e 63 6c 75 73 69 | 76 65 29 2e 20 20 0a 45 |(inclusi|ve). .E|
|00002350| 61 63 68 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 20 77 69 6e 64 6f |ach sour|ce windo|
|00002360| 77 20 77 6f 72 6b 73 20 | 61 73 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f |w works |as follo|
|00002370| 77 73 3b 0a 20 20 0a 20 | 20 2d 20 45 6c 65 63 74 |ws;. . | - Elect|
|00002380| 72 69 63 69 74 79 20 47 | 65 6e 65 72 61 74 69 6f |ricity G|eneratio|
|00002390| 6e 3a 20 20 45 6c 65 63 | 74 72 69 63 69 74 79 20 |n: Elec|tricity |
|000023a0| 69 73 20 67 65 6e 65 72 | 61 74 65 64 20 66 72 6f |is gener|ated fro|
|000023b0| 6d 20 61 20 63 6f 6d 62 | 69 6e 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 |m a comb|ination |
|000023c0| 6f 66 20 0a 35 20 73 6f | 75 72 63 65 73 20 28 63 |of .5 so|urces (c|
|000023d0| 6f 61 6c 2c 20 67 61 73 | 2c 20 6f 69 6c 2c 20 6e |oal, gas|, oil, n|
|000023e0| 75 63 6c 65 61 72 20 6f | 72 20 72 65 6e 65 77 61 |uclear o|r renewa|
|000023f0| 62 6c 65 73 20 28 69 6e | 63 6c 75 64 69 6e 67 20 |bles (in|cluding |
|00002400| 73 6f 6c 61 72 2c 20 77 | 69 6e 64 2c 20 0a 68 79 |solar, w|ind, .hy|
|00002410| 64 6f 2c 20 62 69 6f 6d | 61 73 73 20 61 6e 64 20 |do, biom|ass and |
|00002420| 67 65 6f 74 68 65 72 6d | 61 6c 29 2e 20 20 45 61 |geotherm|al). Ea|
|00002430| 63 68 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 70 |ch sourc|e will p|
|00002440| 72 6f 64 75 63 65 20 61 | 20 64 69 66 66 65 72 65 |roduce a| differe|
|00002450| 6e 74 20 0a 71 75 61 6e | 74 69 74 79 20 6f 66 20 |nt .quan|tity of |
|00002460| 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 | 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 |greenhou|se gases|
|00002470| 20 66 6f 72 20 65 61 63 | 68 20 4b 57 68 20 6f 66 | for eac|h KWh of|
|00002480| 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 69 | 63 69 74 79 20 70 72 6f | electri|city pro|
|00002490| 64 75 63 65 64 3b 20 74 | 68 65 20 72 61 74 69 6f |duced; t|he ratio|
|000024a0| 20 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 73 65 20 65 6d 69 73 73 | .of the|se emiss|
|000024b0| 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 72 65 | 20 74 61 6b 65 6e 20 74 |ions are| taken t|
|000024c0| 6f 20 62 65 20 35 37 3a | 32 34 3a 34 32 3a 39 3a |o be 57:|24:42:9:|
|000024d0| 31 2e 20 20 54 68 65 73 | 65 20 74 61 6b 65 20 69 |1. Thes|e take i|
|000024e0| 6e 74 6f 20 61 63 63 6f | 75 6e 74 20 0a 61 6c 6c |nto acco|unt .all|
|000024f0| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 61 72 72 69 73 | emissio|ns arris|
|00002500| 69 6e 67 20 61 73 20 61 | 20 63 6f 6e 73 65 71 75 |ing as a| consequ|
|00002510| 65 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 20 | 63 6f 6e 73 74 72 75 6e |ence of |construn|
|00002520| 63 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 67 | 65 74 74 69 6e 67 20 74 |ction, g|etting t|
|00002530| 68 65 20 66 75 65 6c 2c | 20 0a 6f 70 65 72 61 74 |he fuel,| .operat|
|00002540| 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 | 64 65 63 6f 6d 69 73 73 |ion and |decomiss|
|00002550| 69 6f 6e 73 69 6e 67 2e | 0a 20 20 46 6f 72 20 74 |ionsing.|. For t|
|00002560| 68 65 20 66 6f 75 72 20 | 66 75 6e 64 69 6d 65 6e |he four |fundimen|
|00002570| 74 61 6c 6c 79 20 74 68 | 65 72 6d 61 6c 20 70 72 |tally th|ermal pr|
|00002580| 6f 63 65 73 73 65 73 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 70 6f 77 |ocesses,| the pow|
|00002590| 65 72 20 73 74 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 73 20 63 61 6e 20 |er stati|ons can |
|000025a0| 62 65 20 0a 66 6f 72 63 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 62 65 |be .forc|ed to be|
|000025b0| 20 6f 66 20 61 20 43 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 20 48 | of a Co|mbined H|
|000025c0| 65 61 74 20 61 6e 64 20 | 50 6f 77 65 72 20 76 61 |eat and |Power va|
|000025d0| 72 69 65 74 79 2c 20 77 | 68 65 72 65 20 61 6e 20 |riety, w|here an |
|000025e0| 65 71 75 61 6c 20 61 6d | 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 0a |equal am|out of .|
|000025f0| 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 74 | 6f 20 74 68 65 20 65 6c |energy t|o the el|
|00002600| 65 63 74 72 69 63 69 74 | 79 20 67 65 6e 65 72 61 |ectricit|y genera|
|00002610| 74 65 64 2c 20 69 73 20 | 61 73 73 75 6d 65 64 20 |ted, is |assumed |
|00002620| 74 6f 20 62 65 20 6d 61 | 64 65 20 61 76 61 69 6c |to be ma|de avail|
|00002630| 61 62 6c 65 20 61 73 20 | 68 65 61 74 20 0a 28 65 |able as |heat .(e|
|00002640| 2e 67 2e 20 68 6f 74 20 | 77 61 74 65 72 29 2e 20 |.g. hot |water). |
|00002650| 20 4e 6f 20 61 6c 6c 6f | 77 61 6e 63 65 73 20 61 | No allo|wances a|
|00002660| 72 65 20 6d 61 64 65 20 | 66 6f 72 20 66 75 74 75 |re made |for futu|
|00002670| 72 65 20 69 6e 63 72 65 | 61 73 65 20 69 6e 20 67 |re incre|ase in g|
|00002680| 65 6e 65 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 0a 65 66 66 69 63 |eneratio|n .effic|
|00002690| 69 65 6e 63 79 2e 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 67 72 61 70 |iency. |The grap|
|000026a0| 68 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 64 | 69 73 70 6c 61 79 20 65 |h will d|isplay e|
|000026b0| 69 74 68 65 72 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 65 72 63 65 6e |ither th|e percen|
|000026c0| 74 61 67 65 20 73 68 61 | 72 65 20 6f 66 20 0a 67 |tage sha|re of .g|
|000026d0| 65 6e 65 72 61 74 69 6f | 6e 2c 20 6f 72 20 74 68 |eneratio|n, or th|
|000026e0| 65 20 6d 61 6b 65 2d 75 | 70 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |e make-u|p of the|
|000026f0| 20 61 63 74 75 61 6c 20 | 70 6f 77 65 72 20 28 65 | actual |power (e|
|00002700| 6c 65 63 74 72 69 63 61 | 6c 29 20 67 65 6e 65 72 |lectrica|l) gener|
|00002710| 61 74 65 64 2c 20 0a 64 | 65 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 |ated, .d|epending|
|00002720| 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 73 74 61 74 75 73 20 6f | on the |status o|
|00002730| 66 20 74 68 65 20 27 41 | 62 73 6f 6c 75 74 65 2f |f the 'A|bsolute/|
|00002740| 50 65 72 63 65 6e 74 61 | 67 65 20 44 69 73 70 6c |Percenta|ge Displ|
|00002750| 61 79 27 20 69 63 6f 6e | 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 2d |ay' icon|.. . -|
|00002760| 20 45 6e 65 72 67 79 20 | 55 73 65 20 50 65 72 20 | Energy |Use Per |
|00002770| 59 65 61 72 20 28 45 78 | 63 6c 75 64 69 6e 67 20 |Year (Ex|cluding |
|00002780| 54 72 61 6e 73 70 6f 72 | 74 29 3a 20 20 54 68 65 |Transpor|t): The|
|00002790| 20 61 6d 6f 75 74 20 6f | 66 20 65 6c 65 63 74 72 | amout o|f electr|
|000027a0| 69 63 61 6c 20 0a 65 6e | 65 72 67 79 20 67 65 6e |ical .en|ergy gen|
|000027b0| 65 72 61 74 65 64 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 74 |erated a|nd the t|
|000027c0| 6f 74 61 6c 20 65 6e 65 | 72 67 79 20 63 6f 6e 73 |otal ene|rgy cons|
|000027d0| 75 6d 65 64 20 70 65 72 | 20 79 65 61 72 20 6d 61 |umed per| year ma|
|000027e0| 79 20 62 65 20 73 65 74 | 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 0a |y be set|. The .|
|000027f0| 70 65 72 63 65 6e 74 61 | 67 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |percenta|ge of th|
|00002800| 65 20 72 65 6d 61 69 6e | 69 6e 67 20 65 6e 65 72 |e remain|ing ener|
|00002810| 67 79 20 72 65 71 75 69 | 72 65 6d 65 6e 74 73 20 |gy requi|rements |
|00002820| 6d 65 74 20 62 79 20 72 | 65 6e 65 77 61 62 6c 65 |met by r|enewable|
|00002830| 73 20 28 62 69 6f 6d 61 | 73 73 20 0a 6f 72 20 73 |s (bioma|ss .or s|
|00002840| 6f 6c 61 72 2d 64 65 72 | 69 76 65 64 20 68 79 64 |olar-der|ived hyd|
|00002850| 72 6f 67 65 6e 20 66 75 | 65 6c 29 20 61 73 20 6f |rogen fu|el) as o|
|00002860| 70 70 6f 73 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 66 6f 73 73 69 6c |pposed t|o fossil|
|00002870| 20 66 75 65 6c 73 20 6d | 61 79 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 | fuels m|ay also |
|00002880| 62 65 20 73 65 74 2e 20 | 20 0a 52 65 6e 65 77 61 |be set. | .Renewa|
|00002890| 62 6c 65 73 20 61 72 65 | 20 61 73 73 75 6d 65 64 |bles are| assumed|
|000028a0| 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 75 6e | 74 20 66 6f 72 20 6e 6f | to coun|t for no|
|000028b0| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 | emissio|ns.. . |
|000028c0| 20 2d 20 54 72 61 6e 73 | 70 6f 72 74 3a 20 20 54 | - Trans|port: T|
|000028d0| 68 65 20 72 61 74 65 20 | 6f 66 20 67 72 6f 77 74 |he rate |of growt|
|000028e0| 68 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 |h of the| number |
|000028f0| 6f 66 20 56 65 68 69 63 | 6c 65 20 4d 69 6c 65 73 |of Vehic|le Miles|
|00002900| 20 54 72 61 76 65 6c 6c | 65 64 20 0a 28 74 68 65 | Travell|ed .(the|
|00002910| 20 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 6e | 75 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 | total n|umber of|
|00002920| 20 6d 69 6c 65 73 20 74 | 72 61 76 65 6c 6c 65 64 | miles t|ravelled|
|00002930| 20 62 79 20 61 6c 6c 20 | 72 6f 61 64 20 76 65 68 | by all |road veh|
|00002940| 69 63 6c 65 73 29 20 70 | 65 72 20 79 65 61 72 20 |icles) p|er year |
|00002950| 63 61 6e 20 62 65 20 0a | 73 65 74 2e 20 20 43 61 |can be .|set. Ca|
|00002960| 72 73 20 61 63 63 6f 75 | 6e 74 20 66 6f 72 20 61 |rs accou|nt for a|
|00002970| 62 6f 75 74 20 37 32 25 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |bout 72%| of the |
|00002980| 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 6e 75 | 6d 62 65 72 20 6f 66 20 |total nu|mber of |
|00002990| 56 4d 54 2e 20 20 27 56 | 65 68 69 63 6c 65 20 0a |VMT. 'V|ehicle .|
|000029a0| 65 66 66 69 63 69 65 6e | 63 79 27 20 69 73 20 74 |efficien|cy' is t|
|000029b0| 61 6b 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 20 74 68 65 20 70 |aken to |be the p|
|000029c0| 65 72 63 65 6e 74 61 67 | 65 20 6f 66 20 70 6f 74 |ercentag|e of pot|
|000029d0| 65 6e 74 69 61 6c 20 66 | 75 65 6c 20 65 6e 65 72 |ential f|uel ener|
|000029e0| 67 79 20 77 68 69 63 68 | 20 69 73 20 0a 6d 61 64 |gy which| is .mad|
|000029f0| 65 20 61 76 61 69 6c 61 | 62 6c 65 20 66 6f 72 20 |e availa|ble for |
|00002a00| 76 65 68 69 63 6c 65 20 | 6d 6f 74 69 6f 6e 2e 20 |vehicle |motion. |
|00002a10| 20 27 4c 65 76 65 6c 20 | 6f 66 20 62 69 6f 2d 66 | 'Level |of bio-f|
|00002a20| 75 65 6c 73 20 75 73 65 | 64 27 20 69 73 20 74 68 |uels use|d' is th|
|00002a30| 65 20 0a 70 65 72 63 65 | 6e 74 61 67 65 20 6f 66 |e .perce|ntage of|
|00002a40| 20 76 65 68 69 63 6c 65 | 20 66 75 65 6c 20 74 68 | vehicle| fuel th|
|00002a50| 61 74 20 63 6f 6d 65 73 | 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 6e 6f |at comes| from no|
|00002a60| 6e 2d 66 6f 73 73 69 6c | 20 66 75 65 6c 20 28 65 |n-fossil| fuel (e|
|00002a70| 2e 67 2e 20 73 75 67 61 | 72 20 63 61 6e 65 20 0a |.g. suga|r cane .|
|00002a80| 64 65 72 69 76 65 64 20 | 65 74 68 61 6e 6f 6c 2c |derived |ethanol,|
|00002a90| 20 6f 69 6c 20 66 72 61 | 63 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 66 | oil fra|ctions f|
|00002aa0| 72 6f 6d 20 6f 69 6c 20 | 73 65 65 64 20 72 61 70 |rom oil |seed rap|
|00002ab0| 65 20 61 6e 64 20 70 6f | 74 65 6e 74 69 61 6c 6c |e and po|tentiall|
|00002ac0| 79 20 73 6f 6c 61 72 20 | 0a 68 79 64 72 6f 67 65 |y solar |.hydroge|
|00002ad0| 6e 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 66 75 74 75 72 65 29 |n in the| future)|
|00002ae0| 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 73 | 2c 20 63 75 72 72 65 6e | sources|, curren|
|00002af0| 74 6c 79 20 74 68 69 73 | 20 69 73 20 34 35 25 20 |tly this| is 45% |
|00002b00| 66 6f 72 20 42 72 61 7a | 69 6c 2e 20 20 27 4c 65 |for Braz|il. 'Le|
|00002b10| 76 65 6c 20 0a 6f 72 20 | 63 61 72 20 73 68 61 72 |vel .or |car shar|
|00002b20| 69 6e 67 27 20 69 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 76 65 72 |ing' is |the aver|
|00002b30| 61 67 65 20 70 65 72 63 | 65 6e 74 61 67 65 20 70 |age perc|entage p|
|00002b40| 61 73 73 65 6e 67 65 72 | 20 63 61 72 20 6c 6f 61 |assenger| car loa|
|00002b50| 64 20 28 69 65 20 35 30 | 25 20 77 6f 75 6c 64 20 |d (ie 50|% would |
|00002b60| 0a 62 65 20 74 77 6f 20 | 70 65 6f 70 6c 65 20 69 |.be two |people i|
|00002b70| 6e 20 61 20 6e 6f 6d 69 | 6e 61 6c 6c 79 20 34 2d |n a nomi|nally 4-|
|00002b80| 73 65 61 74 65 72 20 63 | 61 72 29 2e 20 20 54 68 |seater c|ar). Th|
|00002b90| 65 20 67 72 61 70 68 20 | 77 69 6c 6c 20 64 69 73 |e graph |will dis|
|00002ba0| 70 6c 61 79 20 65 69 74 | 68 65 72 20 0a 74 68 65 |play eit|her .the|
|00002bb0| 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 | 6f 66 20 56 4d 54 20 61 | number |of VMT a|
|00002bc0| 73 20 61 20 70 65 72 63 | 65 6e 74 61 67 65 20 6f |s a perc|entage o|
|00002bd0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 56 4d | 54 20 66 6f 72 20 31 39 |f the VM|T for 19|
|00002be0| 39 30 2c 20 6f 72 20 61 | 73 20 61 6e 20 61 62 73 |90, or a|s an abs|
|00002bf0| 6f 6c 75 74 65 20 0a 76 | 61 6c 75 65 2c 20 64 65 |olute .v|alue, de|
|00002c00| 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 73 |pending |on the s|
|00002c10| 74 61 74 75 73 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 27 41 62 |tatus of| the 'Ab|
|00002c20| 73 6f 6c 75 74 65 2f 50 | 65 72 63 65 6e 74 61 67 |solute/P|ercentag|
|00002c30| 65 20 44 69 73 70 6c 61 | 79 27 20 69 63 6f 6e 2e |e Displa|y' icon.|
|00002c40| 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 2d 20 | 48 61 6c 6f 63 61 72 62 |. . - |Halocarb|
|00002c50| 6f 6e 2f 53 75 62 73 74 | 69 74 75 74 65 20 50 72 |on/Subst|itute Pr|
|00002c60| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 2f 55 73 65 3a 20 20 54 |oduction|/Use: T|
|00002c70| 68 65 20 70 65 72 63 65 | 6e 74 61 67 65 20 62 61 |he perce|ntage ba|
|00002c80| 6c 61 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 0a 64 69 |lance of| the .di|
|00002c90| 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 20 | 68 61 6c 6f 63 61 72 62 |fferent |halocarb|
|00002ca0| 6f 6e 73 20 61 6e 64 20 | 6e 6f 6e 2d 68 61 6c 6f |ons and |non-halo|
|00002cb0| 63 61 72 62 6f 6e 20 73 | 75 62 73 74 69 74 75 74 |carbon s|ubstitut|
|00002cc0| 65 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 20 63 75 72 72 |es used |for curr|
|00002cd0| 65 6e 74 20 0a 68 61 6c | 6f 63 61 72 62 6f 6e 20 |ent .hal|ocarbon |
|00002ce0| 75 73 65 73 20 63 61 6e | 20 62 65 20 73 65 74 2e |uses can| be set.|
|00002cf0| 20 20 54 68 65 73 65 20 | 6d 75 73 74 20 61 64 64 | These |must add|
|00002d00| 20 75 70 20 74 6f 20 31 | 30 30 25 2e 20 20 54 68 | up to 1|00%. Th|
|00002d10| 65 20 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 | 0a 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 |e total |.product|
|00002d20| 69 6f 6e 20 28 74 61 6b | 65 6e 20 61 6c 73 6f 20 |ion (tak|en also |
|00002d30| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 74 | 68 65 20 74 6f 74 61 6c |to the t|he total|
|00002d40| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | emissio|ns for t|
|00002d50| 68 61 74 20 79 65 61 72 | 29 20 63 61 6e 20 61 6c |hat year|) can al|
|00002d60| 73 6f 20 62 65 20 0a 73 | 65 74 20 28 69 6e 20 6b |so be .s|et (in k|
|00002d70| 69 6c 6f 2d 74 6f 6e 73 | 29 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |ilo-tons|).. . |
|00002d80| 2d 20 44 65 66 6f 72 65 | 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2f |- Defore|station/|
|00002d90| 52 65 66 6f 72 65 73 74 | 61 74 69 6f 6e 3a 20 20 |Reforest|ation: |
|00002da0| 54 68 65 20 61 72 65 61 | 20 6f 66 20 66 6f 72 65 |The area| of fore|
|00002db0| 73 74 20 63 6c 65 61 72 | 65 64 20 70 65 72 20 79 |st clear|ed per y|
|00002dc0| 65 61 72 20 63 61 6e 20 | 62 65 20 0a 73 65 74 2e |ear can |be .set.|
|00002dd0| 20 20 54 68 69 73 20 66 | 6f 72 65 73 74 20 69 73 | This f|orest is|
|00002de0| 20 74 61 6b 65 6e 20 74 | 6f 20 62 65 20 65 6e 74 | taken t|o be ent|
|00002df0| 69 72 65 6c 79 20 74 72 | 6f 70 69 63 61 6c 2f 73 |irely tr|opical/s|
|00002e00| 75 62 2d 74 72 6f 70 69 | 63 61 6c 20 28 74 65 6d |ub-tropi|cal (tem|
|00002e10| 70 65 72 61 74 65 20 0a | 64 65 66 6f 72 65 73 74 |perate .|deforest|
|00002e20| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 | 20 72 65 6c 61 74 69 76 |ation is| relativ|
|00002e30| 65 6c 79 20 69 6e 73 69 | 67 6e 69 66 69 63 61 6e |ely insi|gnifican|
|00002e40| 74 29 2e 20 20 45 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 28 |t). Emi|ssions (|
|00002e50| 43 4f 32 2c 20 43 48 34 | 2c 20 4e 32 4f 29 20 0a |CO2, CH4|, N2O) .|
|00002e60| 61 73 73 6f 63 69 61 74 | 65 64 20 77 69 74 68 20 |associat|ed with |
|00002e70| 65 61 63 68 20 68 65 63 | 74 61 72 65 20 6f 66 20 |each hec|tare of |
|00002e80| 63 6c 65 61 72 65 64 20 | 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 |cleared |forestat|
|00002e90| 69 6f 6e 20 61 72 65 20 | 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 64 |ion are |released|
|00002ea0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 79 65 | 61 72 2e 20 20 0a 52 65 | that ye|ar. .Re|
|00002eb0| 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 | 69 6f 6e 20 74 61 6b 65 |forestat|ion take|
|00002ec0| 73 20 63 61 72 62 6f 6e | 20 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 |s carbon| out of |
|00002ed0| 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d 6f | 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 28 |the atmo|sphere (|
|00002ee0| 27 66 69 78 65 73 27 29 | 3b 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 |'fixes')|; this i|
|00002ef0| 73 20 61 73 73 75 6d 65 | 64 20 0a 74 6f 20 74 61 |s assume|d .to ta|
|00002f00| 6b 65 20 70 6c 61 63 65 | 20 6f 76 65 72 20 32 35 |ke place| over 25|
|00002f10| 20 79 65 61 72 73 20 28 | 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 20 61 | years (|amount a|
|00002f20| 62 73 6f 72 62 65 64 20 | 64 65 63 6c 69 6e 69 6e |bsorbed |declinin|
|00002f30| 67 20 6c 69 6e 65 61 72 | 6c 79 20 70 65 72 20 79 |g linear|ly per y|
|00002f40| 65 61 72 29 3b 20 0a 74 | 68 65 20 74 6f 74 61 6c |ear); .t|he total|
|00002f50| 20 71 75 61 6e 74 69 74 | 79 20 61 62 73 6f 72 62 | quantit|y absorb|
|00002f60| 65 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d 6f |ed from |the atmo|
|00002f70| 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 62 | 65 69 6e 67 20 65 71 75 |sphere b|eing equ|
|00002f80| 61 6c 20 74 6f 20 68 61 | 6c 66 20 74 68 61 74 20 |al to ha|lf that |
|00002f90| 0a 72 65 6c 65 61 73 65 | 64 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 61 |.release|d from a|
|00002fa0| 6e 20 65 71 75 69 76 61 | 6c 65 6e 74 20 61 72 65 |n equiva|lent are|
|00002fb0| 61 20 6f 66 20 64 65 66 | 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 |a of def|orestati|
|00002fc0| 6f 6e 20 28 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 |on (whic|h will a|
|00002fd0| 6c 6d 6f 73 74 20 61 6c | 77 61 79 73 20 0a 62 65 |lmost al|ways .be|
|00002fe0| 20 61 20 6d 61 74 75 72 | 65 20 66 6f 72 65 73 74 | a matur|e forest|
|00002ff0| 2c 20 77 69 74 68 20 61 | 20 6d 75 63 68 20 68 69 |, with a| much hi|
|00003000| 67 68 65 72 20 62 69 6f | 6d 61 73 73 20 70 65 72 |gher bio|mass per|
|00003010| 20 68 65 63 74 61 72 65 | 29 2e 20 20 52 65 66 6f | hectare|). Refo|
|00003020| 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 0a 63 61 6e 20 63 |restatio|n .can c|
|00003030| 6f 75 6e 74 65 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 63 |ounter t|he effec|
|00003040| 74 73 20 6f 66 20 64 65 | 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 |ts of de|forestat|
|00003050| 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 | 6c 65 61 64 20 74 6f 20 |ion and |lead to |
|00003060| 61 20 6e 65 74 20 61 62 | 73 6f 72 70 74 69 6f 6e |a net ab|sorption|
|00003070| 20 6f 66 20 0a 63 61 72 | 62 6f 6e 20 66 72 6f 6d | of .car|bon from|
|00003080| 20 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d | 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 | the atm|osphere |
|00003090| 28 74 68 65 20 65 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 66 |(the emi|ssions f|
|000030a0| 6f 72 20 63 61 72 62 6f | 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 74 |or carbo|n will t|
|000030b0| 68 65 6e 20 62 65 20 6e | 65 67 61 74 69 76 65 29 |hen be n|egative)|
|000030c0| 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 2d | 20 41 67 72 69 63 75 6c |.. . -| Agricul|
|000030d0| 74 75 72 65 3a 20 20 4c | 69 76 65 73 74 6f 63 6b |ture: L|ivestock|
|000030e0| 20 69 73 20 64 65 66 69 | 6e 65 64 20 68 65 72 65 | is defi|ned here|
|000030f0| 20 61 73 20 63 61 74 74 | 6c 65 2c 20 68 6f 72 73 | as catt|le, hors|
|00003100| 65 73 2c 20 6d 75 6c 65 | 73 2f 61 73 73 65 73 2c |es, mule|s/asses,|
|00003110| 20 0a 62 75 66 66 61 6c | 6f 2c 20 63 61 6d 65 6c | .buffal|o, camel|
|00003120| 73 2c 20 73 68 65 65 70 | 2c 20 67 6f 61 74 73 20 |s, sheep|, goats |
|00003130| 61 6e 64 20 70 69 67 73 | 2e 20 20 27 53 79 6e 74 |and pigs|. 'Synt|
|00003140| 68 65 74 69 63 20 66 65 | 72 74 69 6c 69 7a 65 72 |hetic fe|rtilizer|
|00003150| 20 75 73 65 27 20 69 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 0a 74 6f | use' is| the .to|
|00003160| 74 61 6c 20 6d 61 73 73 | 20 6f 66 20 61 72 74 69 |tal mass| of arti|
|00003170| 66 69 63 69 61 6c 20 6e | 69 74 72 6f 67 65 6e 2d |ficial n|itrogen-|
|00003180| 63 6f 6e 74 61 69 6e 69 | 6e 67 20 66 65 72 74 69 |containi|ng ferti|
|00003190| 6c 69 7a 65 72 20 28 6c | 61 72 67 65 6c 79 20 6e |lizer (l|argely n|
|000031a0| 69 74 72 61 74 65 20 61 | 6e 64 20 0a 61 6d 6d 6f |itrate a|nd .ammo|
|000031b0| 6e 69 75 6d 20 66 65 72 | 74 69 6c 69 7a 65 72 29 |nium fer|tilizer)|
|000031c0| 20 70 72 6f 64 75 63 65 | 64 20 61 6e 64 20 75 73 | produce|d and us|
|000031d0| 65 64 20 65 61 63 68 20 | 79 65 61 72 2e 20 20 54 |ed each |year. T|
|000031e0| 79 70 69 63 61 6c 6c 79 | 20 61 72 6f 75 6e 64 20 |ypically| around |
|000031f0| 33 25 20 6f 66 20 0a 74 | 68 65 20 6e 69 74 72 6f |3% of .t|he nitro|
|00003200| 67 65 6e 20 66 69 6e 64 | 73 20 69 74 27 73 20 77 |gen find|s it's w|
|00003210| 61 79 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 | 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d 6f |ay into |the atmo|
|00003220| 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 66 6f |sphere i|n the fo|
|00003230| 72 6d 20 6f 66 20 4e 32 | 4f 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |rm of N2|O.. . |
|00003240| 2d 20 4d 69 73 63 20 53 | 6f 75 72 63 65 73 3a 20 |- Misc S|ources: |
|00003250| 20 54 68 65 73 65 20 74 | 68 72 65 65 20 73 6f 75 | These t|hree sou|
|00003260| 72 63 65 73 20 61 72 65 | 20 61 73 20 70 65 72 63 |rces are| as perc|
|00003270| 65 6e 74 61 67 65 73 20 | 72 65 6c 61 74 69 76 65 |entages |relative|
|00003280| 20 74 6f 20 31 39 39 30 | 20 0a 65 6d 69 73 73 69 | to 1990| .emissi|
|00003290| 6f 6e 20 6c 65 76 65 6c | 73 2e 20 20 41 64 69 70 |on level|s. Adip|
|000032a0| 69 63 20 61 63 69 64 20 | 70 72 6f 64 75 63 74 69 |ic acid |producti|
|000032b0| 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 6c 61 | 72 67 65 6c 79 20 66 6f |on is la|rgely fo|
|000032c0| 72 20 75 73 65 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 6b |r use in| the mak|
|000032d0| 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 0a | 4e 79 6c 6f 6e 20 36 36 |ing of .|Nylon 66|
|000032e0| 2e 20 20 4e 69 74 72 69 | 63 20 61 63 69 64 20 69 |. Nitri|c acid i|
|000032f0| 73 20 75 73 65 64 20 69 | 6e 20 74 68 65 20 70 72 |s used i|n the pr|
|00003300| 6f 64 75 63 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 66 65 72 74 |oduction| of fert|
|00003310| 69 6c 69 7a 65 72 73 2e | 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 4f 6e |ilizers.|. . On|
|00003320| 63 65 20 74 68 65 20 70 | 61 72 61 6d 65 74 65 72 |ce the p|arameter|
|00003330| 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 |s in the| window |
|00003340| 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 | 6e 20 73 65 74 2c 20 63 |have bee|n set, c|
|00003350| 6c 69 63 6b 20 27 4f 4b | 27 20 28 6f 72 20 27 55 |lick 'OK|' (or 'U|
|00003360| 70 64 61 74 65 27 20 0a | 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 77 |pdate' .|if the w|
|00003370| 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 68 61 | 73 20 69 74 29 20 74 6f |indow ha|s it) to|
|00003380| 20 6d 61 6b 65 20 74 68 | 65 20 61 70 70 6c 69 63 | make th|e applic|
|00003390| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 63 | 63 65 70 74 20 74 68 65 |ation ac|cept the|
|000033a0| 20 6e 65 77 20 76 61 6c | 75 65 73 2c 20 0a 28 6f | new val|ues, .(o|
|000033b0| 74 68 65 72 77 69 73 65 | 20 61 6e 79 20 63 68 61 |therwise| any cha|
|000033c0| 6e 67 65 64 20 76 61 6c | 75 65 73 20 77 69 6c 6c |nged val|ues will|
|000033d0| 20 62 65 20 6c 6f 73 74 | 20 77 68 65 6e 20 74 68 | be lost| when th|
|000033e0| 65 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 | 20 69 73 20 63 6c 6f 73 |e window| is clos|
|000033f0| 65 64 29 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 0a 6d 61 69 6e 20 |ed). Th|e .main |
|00003400| 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 65 |simulati|on and e|
|00003410| 6d 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 73 20 |mssions |windows |
|00003420| 77 69 6c 6c 20 6e 6f 77 | 20 62 65 20 73 74 61 72 |will now| be star|
|00003430| 65 64 20 28 2a 29 20 74 | 6f 20 69 6e 64 69 63 61 |ed (*) t|o indica|
|00003440| 74 65 20 74 68 61 74 20 | 0a 74 68 65 20 65 6d 69 |te that |.the emi|
|00003450| 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 | 6f 75 72 63 65 73 20 68 |ssions s|ources h|
|00003460| 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 61 6c 74 65 72 65 64 |ave been| altered|
|00003470| 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 27 | 55 70 64 61 74 65 20 45 |. The '|Update E|
|00003480| 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 | 27 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 6e |missions|' icon n|
|00003490| 6f 77 20 0a 6e 65 65 64 | 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 |ow .need|s to be |
|000034a0| 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 | 20 73 6f 20 74 68 61 74 |selected| so that|
|000034b0| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 66 6f 72 20 74 | emissio|ns for t|
|000034c0| 68 65 20 79 65 61 72 73 | 20 31 39 39 30 2d 32 31 |he years| 1990-21|
|000034d0| 35 30 20 63 61 6e 20 62 | 65 20 0a 63 61 6c 63 75 |50 can b|e .calcu|
|000034e0| 6c 61 74 65 64 20 66 6f | 72 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f |lated fo|r each o|
|000034f0| 66 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 | 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 |f the gr|eenhouse|
|00003500| 20 67 61 73 65 73 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 6d 61 69 | gases. | The mai|
|00003510| 6e 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 |n simula|tion and|
|00003520| 20 0a 65 6d 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f | .emssio|ns windo|
|00003530| 77 73 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 | 74 68 65 6e 20 62 65 20 |ws will |then be |
|00003540| 75 6e 2d 73 74 61 72 65 | 64 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |un-stare|d.. . |
|00003550| 0a 20 20 54 68 65 20 27 | 53 65 74 20 45 6d 69 73 |. The '|Set Emis|
|00003560| 73 69 6f 6e 20 4c 65 76 | 65 6c 73 27 20 77 69 6e |sion Lev|els' win|
|00003570| 64 6f 77 20 61 6c 6c 6f | 77 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 |dow allo|ws the t|
|00003580| 6f 74 61 6c 20 65 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 6f |otal emi|ssions o|
|00003590| 66 20 74 68 65 20 36 20 | 0a 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f |f the 6 |.greenho|
|000035a0| 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 65 | 73 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 |use gase|s to be |
|000035b0| 73 65 74 2c 20 69 6e 64 | 65 70 65 6e 64 61 6e 74 |set, ind|ependant|
|000035c0| 6c 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 69 72 20 69 6e 64 69 |ly of th|eir indi|
|000035d0| 76 69 64 75 61 6c 20 73 | 6f 75 72 63 65 73 2e 20 |vidual s|ources. |
|000035e0| 20 54 68 65 20 0a 67 61 | 73 65 73 20 74 6f 20 68 | The .ga|ses to h|
|000035f0| 61 76 65 20 74 68 69 65 | 72 20 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 |ave thie|r total |
|00003600| 65 6d 69 73 69 73 6f 6e | 73 20 73 65 74 20 73 68 |emisison|s set sh|
|00003610| 6f 75 6c 64 20 62 65 20 | 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 |ould be |selected|
|00003620| 2e 20 20 50 68 61 73 65 | 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 20 |. Phase| number |
|00003630| 23 30 20 0a 63 61 6e 20 | 69 6e 20 74 68 69 73 20 |#0 .can |in this |
|00003640| 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 62 | 65 20 73 65 74 2e 20 20 |window b|e set. |
|00003650| 53 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6e | 67 20 65 69 74 68 65 72 |Selectin|g either|
|00003660| 20 27 53 65 74 27 20 6f | 72 20 27 4f 4b 27 20 77 | 'Set' o|r 'OK' w|
|00003670| 69 6c 6c 20 61 75 74 6f | 6d 61 74 69 63 61 6c 6c |ill auto|maticall|
|00003680| 20 0a 75 70 64 61 74 65 | 20 74 68 65 20 74 6f 74 | .update| the tot|
|00003690| 61 6c 20 65 6d 69 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 2c 20 73 6f |al emiss|ions, so|
|000036a0| 20 74 68 61 74 20 69 74 | 20 69 73 20 75 6e 6e 65 | that it| is unne|
|000036b0| 63 65 73 73 61 72 79 20 | 74 6f 20 63 6c 69 63 6b |cessary |to click|
|000036c0| 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 0a 27 55 70 64 61 74 65 | on the |.'Update|
|000036d0| 20 45 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 27 20 69 63 6f 6e | Emissio|ns' icon|
|000036e0| 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 0a | 20 20 43 6f 6d 70 6c 65 |.. . .| Comple|
|000036f0| 74 65 20 73 65 74 73 20 | 6f 66 20 65 6d 69 73 73 |te sets |of emiss|
|00003700| 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 6f 75 | 72 63 65 20 64 65 74 61 |ions sou|rce deta|
|00003710| 69 6c 73 20 63 61 6e 20 | 62 65 20 73 61 76 65 64 |ils can |be saved|
|00003720| 20 61 73 20 61 20 70 61 | 72 61 6d 65 74 65 72 20 | as a pa|rameter |
|00003730| 0a 66 69 6c 65 2c 20 61 | 6e 64 20 73 75 62 73 65 |.file, a|nd subse|
|00003740| 71 75 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 | 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 20 69 |quently |loaded i|
|00003750| 6e 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 70 70 6c 69 63 61 74 |nto the |applicat|
|00003760| 69 6f 6e 20 61 67 61 69 | 6e 20 62 79 20 64 72 61 |ion agai|n by dra|
|00003770| 67 67 69 6e 67 20 74 68 | 65 20 0a 66 69 6c 65 20 |gging th|e .file |
|00003780| 69 63 6f 6e 20 69 6e 74 | 6f 20 61 6e 79 20 6f 66 |icon int|o any of|
|00003790| 20 74 68 65 20 61 70 70 | 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e | the app|lication|
|000037a0| 27 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f | 77 73 2e 20 20 44 65 74 |'s windo|ws. Det|
|000037b0| 61 69 6c 73 20 6f 66 20 | 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 65 6d |ails of |total em|
|000037c0| 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 0a 6c 65 76 65 6c 73 20 |issions |.levels |
|000037d0| 73 65 74 20 75 73 69 6e | 67 20 74 68 65 20 27 53 |set usin|g the 'S|
|000037e0| 65 74 20 45 6d 69 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 27 20 77 69 |et Emiss|ions' wi|
|000037f0| 6e 64 6f 77 20 61 72 65 | 20 6e 6f 74 20 73 61 76 |ndow are| not sav|
|00003800| 65 64 2e 20 20 42 75 69 | 6c 74 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 |ed. Bui|lt into |
|00003810| 74 68 65 20 0a 61 70 70 | 6c 69 63 61 74 69 6f 6e |the .app|lication|
|00003820| 20 61 72 65 20 34 20 72 | 65 61 64 79 20 73 65 74 | are 4 r|eady set|
|00003830| 75 70 20 66 75 74 75 72 | 65 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 |up futur|e emissi|
|00003840| 6f 6e 73 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 20 73 65 6e 61 72 |ons sour|ce senar|
|00003850| 69 6f 73 20 77 68 69 63 | 68 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 |ios whic|h can be|
|00003860| 20 0a 6c 6f 61 64 65 64 | 20 75 70 20 62 79 20 63 | .loaded| up by c|
|00003870| 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 6f |licking |SELECT o|
|00003880| 72 20 41 44 4a 55 53 54 | 20 6f 76 65 72 20 74 68 |r ADJUST| over th|
|00003890| 65 69 72 20 69 63 6f 6e | 73 20 28 74 68 65 20 34 |eir icon|s (the 4|
|000038a0| 20 6e 75 6d 62 65 72 65 | 64 20 0a 73 6d 6f 6b 69 | numbere|d .smoki|
|000038b0| 6e 67 20 63 68 69 6d 6e | 65 79 73 29 2c 20 28 74 |ng chimn|eys), (t|
|000038c0| 68 65 20 27 55 70 64 61 | 74 65 20 45 6d 69 73 73 |he 'Upda|te Emiss|
|000038d0| 69 6f 6e 73 27 20 69 63 | 6f 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 |ions' ic|on will |
|000038e0| 6e 65 65 64 20 74 6f 20 | 62 65 20 63 6c 69 63 6b |need to |be click|
|000038f0| 65 64 20 6f 6e 20 0a 74 | 6f 20 75 70 64 61 74 65 |ed on .t|o update|
|00003900| 20 74 68 65 20 61 63 74 | 75 61 6c 20 65 6d 69 73 | the act|ual emis|
|00003910| 73 69 6f 6e 73 29 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 73 65 20 73 |sions). | These s|
|00003920| 65 6e 61 72 69 6f 73 20 | 68 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 |enarios |have bee|
|00003930| 6e 20 73 65 74 20 75 70 | 20 61 73 20 66 6f 6c 6c |n set up| as foll|
|00003940| 6f 77 73 3b 0a 0a 20 20 | 23 31 20 20 4c 61 72 67 |ows;.. |#1 Larg|
|00003950| 65 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 | 49 50 43 43 20 70 72 65 |ely the |IPCC pre|
|00003960| 64 69 63 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 6f 66 20 66 75 74 75 72 |diction |of futur|
|00003970| 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 | 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 |e greenh|ouse gas|
|00003980| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 69 66 20 6e 6f | emissio|ns if no|
|00003990| 20 0a 61 64 64 69 74 69 | 6f 6e 61 6c 20 61 63 74 | .additi|onal act|
|000039a0| 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 74 | 61 6b 65 6e 20 74 6f 20 |ion is t|aken to |
|000039b0| 6c 69 6d 69 74 20 74 68 | 65 6d 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |limit th|em. The|
|000039c0| 20 62 61 6c 61 6e 63 65 | 20 6f 66 20 65 6c 65 63 | balance| of elec|
|000039d0| 74 72 69 63 69 74 79 20 | 0a 67 65 6e 65 72 61 74 |tricity |.generat|
|000039e0| 69 6f 6e 20 73 6f 75 72 | 63 65 73 20 69 73 20 6d |ion sour|ces is m|
|000039f0| 79 20 67 75 65 73 73 2e | 0a 20 20 23 32 20 20 4d |y guess.|. #2 M|
|00003a00| 61 64 65 20 75 70 20 2d | 20 6d 65 64 69 75 6d 2d |ade up -| medium-|
|00003a10| 68 69 67 68 20 65 6d 69 | 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a |high emi|ssions..|
|00003a20| 20 20 23 33 20 20 4d 61 | 64 65 20 75 70 20 2d 20 | #3 Ma|de up - |
|00003a30| 6d 65 64 69 75 6d 2d 6c | 6f 77 20 65 6d 69 73 73 |medium-l|ow emiss|
|00003a40| 69 6f 6e 73 2e 0a 20 20 | 23 34 20 20 54 68 65 20 |ions.. |#4 The |
|00003a50| 65 6e 65 72 67 79 20 63 | 6f 6e 73 75 6d 70 74 69 |energy c|onsumpti|
|00003a60| 6f 6e 20 64 61 74 61 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 62 61 6c |on data,| and bal|
|00003a70| 61 6e 63 65 20 6f 66 20 | 67 65 6e 65 72 61 74 69 |ance of |generati|
|00003a80| 6f 6e 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 69 73 20 66 72 |on sourc|es is fr|
|00003a90| 6f 6d 20 0a 61 20 57 6f | 72 6c 64 20 42 61 6e 6b |om .a Wo|rld Bank|
|00003aa0| 20 61 73 73 65 73 73 6d | 65 6e 74 20 6f 66 20 61 | assessm|ent of a|
|00003ab0| 20 72 65 6e 65 77 61 62 | 6c 65 2d 69 6e 74 65 6e | renewab|le-inten|
|00003ac0| 73 69 76 65 20 61 6e 64 | 20 6c 6f 77 20 63 6f 6e |sive and| low con|
|00003ad0| 73 75 6d 70 74 69 6f 6e | 20 0a 73 65 6e 61 72 69 |sumption| .senari|
|00003ae0| 6f 2e 20 43 46 43 73 20 | 61 6e 64 20 74 68 65 69 |o. CFCs |and thei|
|00003af0| 72 20 63 75 72 72 65 6e | 74 20 72 65 70 6c 61 63 |r curren|t replac|
|00003b00| 65 6d 65 6e 74 20 28 48 | 43 46 43 73 29 20 61 6e |ement (H|CFCs) an|
|00003b10| 64 20 70 68 61 73 65 64 | 20 6f 75 74 20 76 65 72 |d phased| out ver|
|00003b20| 79 20 0a 72 61 70 69 64 | 6c 79 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |y .rapid|ly, and |
|00003b30| 72 65 70 6c 61 63 65 64 | 20 77 69 74 68 20 6e 6f |replaced| with no|
|00003b40| 6e 2d 68 61 6c 6f 63 61 | 72 62 6f 6e 20 63 6f 6d |n-haloca|rbon com|
|00003b50| 70 6f 75 6e 64 73 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 20 72 65 73 |pounds. | The res|
|00003b60| 74 20 69 73 20 6a 75 73 | 74 20 6d 61 64 65 20 0a |t is jus|t made .|
|00003b70| 75 70 20 66 6f 72 20 61 | 6e 20 65 78 74 72 65 6d |up for a|n extrem|
|00003b80| 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 | 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 |e greenh|ouse gas|
|00003b90| 20 61 76 6f 69 64 61 6e | 63 65 20 70 6f 6c 69 63 | avoidan|ce polic|
|00003ba0| 79 2e 0a 0a 0a 20 20 42 | 79 20 63 6c 69 63 6b 69 |y.... B|y clicki|
|00003bb0| 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 61 6e | 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 |ng on an|y of the|
|00003bc0| 20 76 61 72 69 6f 75 73 | 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 6f | various| greenho|
|00003bd0| 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 20 | 27 45 6d 69 73 73 69 6f |use gas |'Emissio|
|00003be0| 6e 73 20 57 69 6e 64 6f | 77 73 27 20 0a 69 63 6f |ns Windo|ws' .ico|
|00003bf0| 6e 73 2c 20 61 20 77 69 | 6e 64 6f 77 20 77 69 6c |ns, a wi|ndow wil|
|00003c00| 6c 20 62 65 20 6f 70 65 | 6e 65 64 20 66 6f 72 20 |l be ope|ned for |
|00003c10| 74 68 61 74 20 67 72 65 | 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 |that gre|enhouse |
|00003c20| 67 61 73 2c 20 64 69 73 | 70 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 |gas, dis|playing |
|00003c30| 74 68 65 20 6c 65 76 65 | 6c 20 0a 6f 66 20 65 6d |the leve|l .of em|
|00003c40| 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 66 6f 72 20 74 68 61 74 |issions |for that|
|00003c50| 20 67 61 73 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 31 39 39 30 20 6f | gas fro|m 1990 o|
|00003c60| 6e 77 61 72 64 73 2e 20 | 20 54 68 65 79 20 77 69 |nwards. | They wi|
|00003c70| 6c 6c 20 65 61 63 68 20 | 62 65 20 6f 70 65 6e 65 |ll each |be opene|
|00003c80| 64 20 69 6e 20 0a 74 68 | 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 70 |d in .th|e same p|
|00003c90| 6c 61 63 65 2c 20 73 6f | 20 74 68 61 74 20 6f 70 |lace, so| that op|
|00003ca0| 65 6e 69 6e 67 20 61 20 | 73 65 63 6f 6e 64 20 77 |ening a |second w|
|00003cb0| 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 77 69 | 6c 6c 20 68 69 64 65 20 |indow wi|ll hide |
|00003cc0| 74 68 65 20 66 69 72 73 | 74 20 28 73 6f 20 64 72 |the firs|t (so dr|
|00003cd0| 61 67 20 0a 69 74 20 73 | 6f 6d 65 77 68 65 72 65 |ag .it s|omewhere|
|00003ce0| 20 65 6c 73 65 21 29 2e | 20 20 54 68 65 20 77 69 | else!).| The wi|
|00003cf0| 6e 64 6f 77 20 6d 61 79 | 20 62 65 20 74 6f 67 67 |ndow may| be togg|
|00003d00| 6c 65 64 20 62 65 74 77 | 65 65 6e 20 64 69 73 70 |led betw|een disp|
|00003d10| 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 61 | 20 0a 70 65 72 63 65 6e |laying a| .percen|
|00003d20| 74 61 67 65 20 73 63 61 | 6c 65 20 72 65 6c 61 74 |tage sca|le relat|
|00003d30| 69 76 65 20 74 6f 20 31 | 39 39 30 20 65 6d 69 73 |ive to 1|990 emis|
|00003d40| 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 6c 65 | 76 65 6c 73 2c 20 61 6e |sions le|vels, an|
|00003d50| 64 20 61 6e 20 61 62 73 | 6f 6c 75 74 65 20 73 63 |d an abs|olute sc|
|00003d60| 61 6c 65 20 62 79 20 0a | 63 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 |ale by .|clicking|
|00003d70| 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 27 41 62 73 6f 6c 75 74 | on the |'Absolut|
|00003d80| 65 2f 50 65 72 63 65 6e | 74 61 67 65 20 44 69 73 |e/Percen|tage Dis|
|00003d90| 70 6c 61 79 27 20 69 63 | 6f 6e 2e 20 20 54 68 65 |play' ic|on. The|
|00003da0| 20 79 2d 61 78 69 73 20 | 73 63 61 6c 65 20 6d 61 | y-axis |scale ma|
|00003db0| 79 20 62 65 20 0a 73 65 | 74 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 |y be .se|t from t|
|00003dc0| 68 65 20 27 50 65 72 63 | 65 6e 74 61 67 65 20 4f |he 'Perc|entage O|
|00003dd0| 66 20 31 39 39 30 20 4c | 65 76 65 6c 73 27 20 77 |f 1990 L|evels' w|
|00003de0| 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 28 65 | 76 65 6e 20 77 68 65 20 |indow (e|ven whe |
|00003df0| 74 68 65 20 67 72 61 70 | 68 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 |the grap|h displa|
|00003e00| 79 20 0a 69 73 20 69 6e | 20 61 62 73 6f 6c 75 74 |y .is in| absolut|
|00003e10| 65 20 75 6e 69 74 73 2c | 20 74 68 65 20 73 63 61 |e units,| the sca|
|00003e20| 6c 65 20 69 73 20 73 65 | 74 20 68 65 72 65 20 61 |le is se|t here a|
|00003e30| 73 20 61 20 6d 61 78 69 | 6d 75 6d 20 61 6e 64 20 |s a maxi|mum and |
|00003e40| 6d 69 6e 69 6d 75 6d 20 | 0a 70 65 72 63 65 6e 74 |minimum |.percent|
|00003e50| 61 67 65 20 6f 66 20 31 | 39 39 30 20 6c 65 76 65 |age of 1|990 leve|
|00003e60| 6c 73 29 2e 20 20 54 68 | 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 70 |ls). Th|e time p|
|00003e70| 65 72 69 6f 64 20 64 69 | 73 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 |eriod di|splayed |
|00003e80| 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 | 65 74 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 |may be s|et from |
|00003e90| 74 68 65 20 0a 27 54 69 | 6d 65 20 41 78 69 73 20 |the .'Ti|me Axis |
|00003ea0| 44 69 73 70 6c 61 79 27 | 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 |Display'| window |
|00003eb0| 28 61 6e 79 20 70 65 72 | 69 6f 64 20 73 74 72 61 |(any per|iod stra|
|00003ec0| 74 69 6e 67 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 31 39 39 30 20 74 |ting fro|m 1990 t|
|00003ed0| 6f 20 61 6e 79 20 61 74 | 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |o any at|e in the|
|00003ee0| 20 0a 72 61 6e 67 65 20 | 31 39 39 35 2d 32 31 35 | .range |1995-215|
|00003ef0| 30 29 2e 20 20 43 6c 69 | 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e |0). Cli|cking on|
|00003f00| 20 74 68 65 20 27 43 6c | 6f 73 65 20 45 6d 69 73 | the 'Cl|ose Emis|
|00003f10| 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 57 69 | 6e 64 6f 77 73 27 20 69 |sions Wi|ndows' i|
|00003f20| 63 6f 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 63 6f 73 65 20 0a 61 |con will| cose .a|
|00003f30| 6e 79 20 65 6d 69 73 73 | 69 6f 6e 73 20 77 69 6e |ny emiss|ions win|
|00003f40| 64 6f 77 73 20 63 75 72 | 72 65 6e 74 6c 79 20 6f |dows cur|rently o|
|00003f50| 70 65 6e 2e 0a 20 20 43 | 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 |pen.. C|licking |
|00003f60| 77 69 74 68 20 41 44 4a | 55 53 54 20 6f 6e 20 61 |with ADJ|UST on a|
|00003f70| 6e 79 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 66 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 |ny of th|e follow|
|00003f80| 69 6e 67 20 69 63 6f 6e | 73 3b 0a 20 20 45 6e 65 |ing icon|s;. Ene|
|00003f90| 72 67 79 20 55 73 65 2c | 20 54 72 61 6e 73 70 6f |rgy Use,| Transpo|
|00003fa0| 72 74 2c 20 44 65 66 6f | 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f |rt, Defo|restatio|
|00003fb0| 6e 2f 52 65 66 6f 72 65 | 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c |n/Refore|station,|
|00003fc0| 20 41 67 72 69 63 75 6c | 74 75 72 65 2c 20 4d 69 | Agricul|ture, Mi|
|00003fd0| 73 63 20 0a 53 6f 75 72 | 63 65 73 20 6f 72 20 52 |sc .Sour|ces or R|
|00003fe0| 65 6d 61 69 6e 69 6e 67 | 20 53 6f 75 72 63 65 73 |emaining| Sources|
|00003ff0| 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 73 77 | 69 74 63 68 20 74 68 65 | will sw|itch the|
|00004000| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f | emissio|ns windo|
|00004010| 77 20 74 6f 20 64 69 73 | 70 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 |w to dis|playing |
|00004020| 0a 74 68 65 72 69 20 72 | 65 73 70 65 63 74 69 76 |.theri r|espectiv|
|00004030| 65 20 67 72 65 65 6e 68 | 6f 75 73 65 20 67 61 73 |e greenh|ouse gas|
|00004040| 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 73 6f 6c 65 6c | emissio|ns solel|
|00004050| 79 20 66 72 6f 6d 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 73 65 74 20 |y from t|hat set |
|00004060| 6f 66 20 73 6f 75 72 63 | 65 73 20 0a 28 69 65 20 |of sourc|es .(ie |
|00004070| 63 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 | 20 41 44 4a 55 53 54 20 |clicking| ADJUST |
|00004080| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 44 | 65 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 |on the D|eforesta|
|00004090| 74 69 6f 6e 2f 52 65 66 | 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 69 |tion/Ref|orestati|
|000040a0| 6f 6e 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 | 73 77 69 74 63 68 20 74 |on will |switch t|
|000040b0| 68 65 20 43 4f 32 20 0a | 65 6d 69 73 69 6f 6e 73 |he CO2 .|emisions|
|000040c0| 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 20 | 74 6f 20 64 69 73 70 6c | window |to displ|
|000040d0| 61 79 69 6e 67 20 63 61 | 72 62 6f 6e 20 65 6d 69 |aying ca|rbon emi|
|000040e0| 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 73 | 6f 6c 65 6c 79 20 66 72 |ssions s|olely fr|
|000040f0| 6f 6d 20 64 65 66 6f 72 | 65 73 74 61 74 69 6f 6e |om defor|estation|
|00004100| 20 61 6e 64 20 0a 72 65 | 66 6f 72 65 73 74 61 74 | and .re|forestat|
|00004110| 69 6f 6e 20 70 72 6f 63 | 65 73 73 65 73 29 2e 20 |ion proc|esses). |
|00004120| 20 42 79 20 63 6c 69 63 | 6b 69 6e 67 20 65 69 74 | By clic|king eit|
|00004130| 68 65 72 20 53 45 4c 45 | 43 54 20 6f 72 20 41 44 |her SELE|CT or AD|
|00004140| 4a 55 53 54 20 6f 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 27 54 6f 74 |JUST on |the 'Tot|
|00004150| 61 6c 20 0a 47 61 73 20 | 45 6d 69 73 69 73 6f 6e |al .Gas |Emisison|
|00004160| 73 27 20 69 63 6f 6e 2c | 20 6f 72 20 62 79 20 63 |s' icon,| or by c|
|00004170| 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 41 44 4a |licking |with ADJ|
|00004180| 55 53 54 20 6f 6e 20 61 | 6e 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 61 |UST on a|n icon a|
|00004190| 6c 72 65 61 64 79 20 73 | 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 20 |lready s|elected |
|000041a0| 0a 62 79 20 41 44 4a 55 | 53 54 2c 20 77 69 6c 6c |.by ADJU|ST, will|
|000041b0| 20 73 77 69 74 63 68 20 | 74 68 65 20 65 6d 69 73 | switch |the emis|
|000041c0| 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 77 69 | 6e 64 6f 77 20 62 61 63 |sions wi|ndow bac|
|000041d0| 6b 20 74 6f 20 64 69 73 | 70 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 |k to dis|playing |
|000041e0| 74 6f 74 61 6c 20 0a 65 | 6d 69 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 |total .e|missions|
|000041f0| 20 28 69 65 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 61 6c 6c 20 73 6f | (ie fro|m all so|
|00004200| 75 72 63 65 73 20 63 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 29 20 |urces co|mbined) |
|00004210| 61 67 61 69 6e 2e 20 20 | 78 20 6f 72 20 79 2d 61 |again. |x or y-a|
|00004220| 78 69 73 20 67 72 69 64 | 73 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 |xis grid|s can be|
|00004230| 20 0a 64 69 73 70 6c 61 | 79 65 64 20 62 79 20 63 | .displa|yed by c|
|00004240| 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 73 |licking |on and s|
|00004250| 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 65 20 72 65 6c |electing| the rel|
|00004260| 65 76 61 6e 74 20 67 72 | 69 64 20 69 63 6f 6e 20 |evant gr|id icon |
|00004270| 28 61 6e 64 20 6d 61 64 | 65 20 74 6f 20 0a 64 69 |(and mad|e to .di|
|00004280| 73 61 70 70 65 61 72 20 | 62 79 20 63 6c 69 63 6b |sappear |by click|
|00004290| 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 61 | 6e 64 20 64 65 73 65 6c |ing on a|nd desel|
|000042a0| 65 63 74 69 6e 67 20 74 | 68 65 6d 20 61 67 61 69 |ecting t|hem agai|
|000042b0| 6e 29 2e 0a 0a 0a 0a 20 | 20 20 20 32 2e 20 4d 6f |n)..... | 2. Mo|
|000042c0| 64 65 6c 6c 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 66 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 |delling |of atmos|
|000042d0| 70 68 65 72 69 63 20 63 | 6f 6d 70 6f 73 69 74 69 |pheric c|ompositi|
|000042e0| 6f 6e 20 61 6e 64 20 6d | 65 61 6e 20 73 75 72 66 |on and m|ean surf|
|000042f0| 61 63 65 20 74 65 6d 70 | 65 72 61 74 75 72 65 0a |ace temp|erature.|
|00004300| 20 20 20 20 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | ====|========|
|00004310| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00004320| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00004330| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d |========|========|
|00004340| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 0a 0a 0a 20 20 41 73 20 |========|... As |
|00004350| 74 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6e | 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 |the main| simulat|
|00004360| 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 72 | 75 6e 3b 0a 20 20 0a 20 |ion is r|un;. . |
|00004370| 20 45 61 63 68 20 79 65 | 61 72 20 61 20 71 75 61 | Each ye|ar a qua|
|00004380| 6e 74 69 74 79 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 76 61 72 |ntity of| the var|
|00004390| 69 6f 75 73 20 67 72 65 | 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 |ious gre|enhouse |
|000043a0| 67 61 73 65 73 20 28 64 | 65 70 65 6e 64 69 6e 67 |gases (d|epending|
|000043b0| 20 6f 6e 20 68 6f 77 20 | 74 68 65 20 0a 65 6d 69 | on how |the .emi|
|000043c0| 73 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 68 | 61 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e |ssions h|ave been|
|000043d0| 20 70 72 65 76 69 6f 75 | 73 6c 79 20 73 65 74 29 | previou|sly set)|
|000043e0| 20 61 72 65 20 61 64 64 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | are add|ed to th|
|000043f0| 65 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 | 68 65 72 65 2e 0a 20 20 |e atmosp|here.. |
|00004400| 54 68 65 20 71 75 61 6e | 74 69 74 69 65 73 20 61 |The quan|tities a|
|00004410| 64 64 65 64 20 61 72 65 | 20 61 73 73 75 6d 65 64 |dded are| assumed|
|00004420| 20 74 6f 20 64 65 63 61 | 79 20 64 65 70 65 6e 64 | to deca|y depend|
|00004430| 69 6e 67 20 6f 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 61 74 6d 6f 73 |ing on t|he atmos|
|00004440| 70 68 65 72 69 63 20 0a | 68 61 6c 66 2d 6c 69 76 |pheric .|half-liv|
|00004450| 65 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 | 65 20 67 61 73 65 73 20 |es of th|e gases |
|00004460| 28 77 69 74 68 20 61 20 | 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 20 65 |(with a |simple e|
|00004470| 78 70 6f 6e 65 6e 74 69 | 61 6c 20 69 6e 20 74 68 |xponenti|al in th|
|00004480| 65 20 63 61 73 65 73 20 | 6f 66 20 43 48 34 2c 20 |e cases |of CH4, |
|00004490| 4e 32 4f 2c 20 0a 43 46 | 43 2d 31 31 2c 20 43 46 |N2O, .CF|C-11, CF|
|000044a0| 43 2d 31 32 20 61 6e 64 | 20 48 43 46 43 2d 32 32 |C-12 and| HCFC-22|
|000044b0| 2c 20 62 75 74 20 77 69 | 74 68 20 61 20 6d 6f 72 |, but wi|th a mor|
|000044c0| 65 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 | 63 61 74 65 64 20 20 64 |e compli|cated d|
|000044d0| 65 63 61 79 20 69 6e 20 | 74 68 65 20 63 61 73 65 |ecay in |the case|
|000044e0| 20 0a 6f 66 20 43 4f 32 | 29 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | .of CO2|). The |
|000044f0| 71 75 61 6e 74 69 74 69 | 65 73 20 72 65 6d 61 69 |quantiti|es remai|
|00004500| 6e 69 6e 67 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 74 68 61 74 20 73 |ning fro|m that s|
|00004510| 69 6e 67 6c 65 20 79 65 | 61 72 73 27 20 65 6d 73 |ingle ye|ars' ems|
|00004520| 73 69 6f 6e 73 20 61 72 | 65 20 0a 63 61 6c 63 75 |sions ar|e .calcu|
|00004530| 6c 61 74 65 64 20 66 6f | 72 20 65 61 63 68 20 6f |lated fo|r each o|
|00004540| 66 20 74 68 65 20 73 75 | 62 73 65 71 75 65 6e 74 |f the su|bsequent|
|00004550| 20 79 65 61 72 73 20 75 | 70 20 75 6e 74 69 6c 20 | years u|p until |
|00004560| 74 68 65 20 65 6e 64 20 | 74 69 6d 65 20 6f 66 20 |the end |time of |
|00004570| 74 68 65 20 0a 73 69 6d | 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 2c |the .sim|ulation,|
|00004580| 20 61 6e 64 20 61 64 64 | 65 64 20 74 6f 20 74 68 | and add|ed to th|
|00004590| 65 20 61 6d 6f 75 6e 74 | 20 61 6c 72 65 61 64 79 |e amount| already|
|000045a0| 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 20 | 61 74 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 | in the |atmosphe|
|000045b0| 72 65 20 69 6e 20 65 61 | 63 68 20 6f 66 20 0a 74 |re in ea|ch of .t|
|000045c0| 68 6f 73 65 20 79 65 61 | 72 73 2e 0a 20 20 54 68 |hose yea|rs.. Th|
|000045d0| 65 20 72 61 64 69 61 74 | 69 76 65 20 66 6f 72 63 |e radiat|ive forc|
|000045e0| 69 6e 67 20 66 6f 72 20 | 65 61 63 68 20 6f 66 20 |ing for |each of |
|000045f0| 74 68 65 20 67 72 65 65 | 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 67 |the gree|nhouse g|
|00004600| 61 73 65 73 20 64 75 65 | 20 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |ases due| to the |
|00004610| 71 75 61 6e 74 69 74 79 | 20 0a 6f 66 20 74 68 61 |quantity| .of tha|
|00004620| 74 20 67 61 73 20 69 6e | 20 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d |t gas in| the atm|
|00004630| 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 20 | 6f 76 65 72 20 61 6e 64 |osphere |over and|
|00004640| 20 61 62 6f 76 65 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 66 6f 72 20 | above t|hat for |
|00004650| 79 65 61 72 73 20 70 72 | 69 6f 72 20 74 6f 20 74 |years pr|ior to t|
|00004660| 68 65 20 0a 49 6e 64 75 | 73 74 72 69 61 6c 20 52 |he .Indu|strial R|
|00004670| 65 76 6f 6c 75 74 69 6f | 6e 20 69 73 20 63 61 6c |evolutio|n is cal|
|00004680| 63 75 6c 61 74 65 64 2e | 20 20 52 61 64 69 61 74 |culated.| Radiat|
|00004690| 69 76 65 20 66 6f 72 63 | 69 6e 67 20 69 73 20 61 |ive forc|ing is a|
|000046a0| 20 6d 65 61 73 75 72 65 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 | measure| of the |
|000046b0| 0a 69 6e 63 72 65 61 73 | 65 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |.increas|e in the|
|000046c0| 20 74 72 61 70 70 69 6e | 67 20 6f 66 20 6f 75 74 | trappin|g of out|
|000046d0| 67 6f 69 6e 67 20 74 65 | 72 72 65 73 74 72 69 61 |going te|rrestria|
|000046e0| 6c 20 28 69 6e 66 72 61 | 72 65 64 29 20 72 61 64 |l (infra|red) rad|
|000046f0| 69 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 0a 74 68 65 |iation f|rom .the|
|00004700| 20 45 61 72 74 68 27 73 | 20 73 75 72 66 61 63 65 | Earth's| surface|
|00004710| 2c 20 64 75 65 20 74 6f | 20 61 20 69 6e 63 72 65 |, due to| a incre|
|00004720| 61 73 65 20 69 6e 20 74 | 68 65 20 63 6f 6e 63 65 |ase in t|he conce|
|00004730| 6e 74 72 61 74 69 6f 6e | 20 6f 66 20 61 20 67 72 |ntration| of a gr|
|00004740| 65 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 | 20 0a 67 61 73 20 69 6e |eenhouse| .gas in|
|00004750| 20 74 68 65 20 61 74 6d | 6f 73 70 68 65 72 65 2e | the atm|osphere.|
|00004760| 20 20 49 74 20 69 73 20 | 6d 65 61 73 75 72 65 64 | It is |measured|
|00004770| 20 69 6e 20 57 61 74 74 | 73 20 70 65 72 20 73 71 | in Watt|s per sq|
|00004780| 75 61 72 65 20 6d 65 74 | 65 72 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 |uare met|er, and |
|00004790| 69 73 20 0a 65 71 75 69 | 76 61 6c 65 6e 74 20 74 |is .equi|valent t|
|000047a0| 6f 20 61 6e 20 61 64 64 | 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c 20 |o an add|itional |
|000047b0| 28 69 6e 66 72 61 72 65 | 64 29 20 72 61 64 69 61 |(infrare|d) radia|
|000047c0| 74 69 6f 6e 20 73 6f 75 | 72 63 65 20 61 63 74 69 |tion sou|rce acti|
|000047d0| 6e 67 20 28 64 6f 77 6e | 77 61 72 64 73 29 20 0a |ng (down|wards) .|
|000047e0| 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 74 | 72 6f 70 6f 73 70 65 72 |on the t|roposper|
|000047f0| 65 2e 0a 20 20 54 68 65 | 20 6d 65 61 6e 20 73 75 |e.. The| mean su|
|00004800| 72 66 61 63 65 20 74 65 | 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 |rface te|mperatur|
|00004810| 65 20 69 73 20 74 68 65 | 6e 20 63 61 6c 63 75 6c |e is the|n calcul|
|00004820| 61 74 65 64 20 62 79 20 | 77 68 61 74 65 76 65 72 |ated by |whatever|
|00004830| 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c 20 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 | model h|as been |
|00004840| 0a 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 | 64 2e 20 20 54 68 72 65 |.selecte|d. Thre|
|00004850| 65 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 65 | 20 6f 6e 65 73 20 68 61 |e simple| ones ha|
|00004860| 76 65 20 62 65 65 6e 20 | 70 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 |ve been |provided|
|00004870| 20 28 66 75 74 75 72 65 | 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e | (future| version|
|00004880| 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 0a 61 70 70 6c 69 63 |s of the| .applic|
|00004890| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6d 61 | 79 20 68 61 76 65 20 6d |ation ma|y have m|
|000048a0| 75 63 68 20 6d 6f 72 65 | 20 63 6f 6d 70 6c 69 63 |uch more| complic|
|000048b0| 61 74 65 64 20 6f 6e 65 | 73 29 3b 20 61 6c 6c 20 |ated one|s); all |
|000048c0| 61 72 65 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 61 6d 65 20 |are of t|he same |
|000048d0| 66 6f 72 6d 2c 20 0a 61 | 6e 64 20 65 61 63 68 20 |form, .a|nd each |
|000048e0| 68 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e | 20 73 69 6d 70 6c 79 20 |has been| simply |
|000048f0| 73 63 61 6c 65 64 20 74 | 6f 20 66 69 74 20 74 68 |scaled t|o fit th|
|00004900| 65 20 72 65 73 75 6c 74 | 73 20 6f 66 20 61 20 47 |e result|s of a G|
|00004910| 43 4d 20 28 47 6c 6f 62 | 61 6c 20 0a 43 69 72 63 |CM (Glob|al .Circ|
|00004920| 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 | 4d 6f 64 65 6c 29 2c 20 |ulation |Model), |
|00004930| 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 61 | 20 6c 6f 77 2c 20 68 69 |either a| low, hi|
|00004940| 67 68 20 6f 72 20 27 62 | 65 73 74 27 20 65 73 74 |gh or 'b|est' est|
|00004950| 69 6d 61 74 65 2e 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 65 66 66 65 |imate. |The effe|
|00004960| 63 74 20 6f 66 20 0a 74 | 68 65 20 68 65 61 74 20 |ct of .t|he heat |
|00004970| 63 61 70 61 63 69 74 79 | 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 |capacity| of the |
|00004980| 45 61 72 74 68 27 73 20 | 6f 63 65 61 6e 73 20 68 |Earth's |oceans h|
|00004990| 61 73 20 6e 6f 74 20 62 | 65 65 6e 20 74 61 6b 65 |as not b|een take|
|000049a0| 6e 20 69 6e 74 6f 20 61 | 63 63 6f 75 6e 74 20 0a |n into a|ccount .|
|000049b0| 28 77 68 69 63 68 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 61 63 74 20 |(which w|ill act |
|000049c0| 74 6f 20 73 6d 65 61 72 | 20 6f 75 74 20 61 6e 64 |to smear| out and|
|000049d0| 20 64 65 6c 61 79 20 67 | 6c 6f 62 61 6c 20 74 65 | delay g|lobal te|
|000049e0| 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 72 | 65 20 63 68 61 6e 67 65 |mperatur|e change|
|000049f0| 73 29 2e 0a 0a 0a 20 20 | 54 68 65 20 72 75 6e 6e |s).... |The runn|
|00004a00| 69 6e 67 20 6f 66 20 74 | 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c |ing of t|he simul|
|00004a10| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 72 6f 6c |ation is| control|
|00004a20| 6c 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 | 68 65 20 67 72 6f 75 70 |led by t|he group|
|00004a30| 20 6f 66 20 69 63 6f 6e | 73 20 69 6e 20 74 68 65 | of icon|s in the|
|00004a40| 20 0a 74 6f 70 20 4c 48 | 20 63 6f 72 6e 65 72 20 | .top LH| corner |
|00004a50| 6f 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d | 61 69 6e 20 73 69 6d 75 |of the m|ain simu|
|00004a60| 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 | 69 6e 64 6f 77 3b 20 72 |lation w|indow; r|
|00004a70| 75 6e 6e 69 6e 67 20 66 | 72 6f 6d 20 6c 65 66 74 |unning f|rom left|
|00004a80| 20 74 6f 20 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 61 6c 6c 20 0a 74 | to righ|t all .t|
|00004a90| 68 65 20 69 63 6f 6e 73 | 20 61 72 65 3a 0a 20 20 |he icons| are:. |
|00004aa0| 20 20 0a 20 20 50 4c 41 | 59 20 2d 20 53 74 61 72 | . PLA|Y - Star|
|00004ab0| 74 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 6f |ts the s|imulatio|
|00004ac0| 6e 20 72 75 6e 6e 69 6e | 67 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |n runnin|g.. . |
|00004ad0| 50 41 55 53 45 20 2d 20 | 50 61 75 73 65 73 20 28 |PAUSE - |Pauses (|
|00004ae0| 2f 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 | 65 73 29 20 74 68 65 20 |/continu|es) the |
|00004af0| 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 |simulati|on.. . |
|00004b00| 20 53 54 4f 50 20 2d 20 | 53 74 6f 70 73 20 74 68 | STOP - |Stops th|
|00004b10| 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 2c 20 28 6f |e simula|tion, (o|
|00004b20| 6e 63 65 20 69 74 20 68 | 61 73 20 62 65 65 6e 20 |nce it h|as been |
|00004b30| 73 74 6f 70 70 65 64 20 | 69 74 20 63 61 6e 6e 6f |stopped |it canno|
|00004b40| 74 20 62 65 20 0a 20 20 | 72 65 73 74 61 72 74 65 |t be . |restarte|
|00004b50| 64 20 77 69 74 68 6f 75 | 74 20 72 65 73 65 74 74 |d withou|t resett|
|00004b60| 69 6e 67 29 2e 0a 20 20 | 0a 20 20 42 4c 41 4e 4b |ing).. |. BLANK|
|00004b70| 20 2d 20 42 6c 61 6e 6b | 73 20 28 2f 75 6e 62 6c | - Blank|s (/unbl|
|00004b80| 61 6e 6b 73 29 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 6c 6f 74 2c 20 |anks) th|e plot, |
|00004b90| 20 28 75 73 65 66 75 6c | 20 69 66 20 74 68 65 20 | (useful| if the |
|00004ba0| 70 6c 6f 74 20 69 73 20 | 66 6c 6f 6f 64 66 69 6c |plot is |floodfil|
|00004bb0| 6c 65 64 2c 20 0a 20 20 | 61 73 20 74 68 69 73 20 |led, . |as this |
|00004bc0| 74 61 6b 65 73 20 71 75 | 69 74 65 20 73 6f 6d 65 |takes qu|ite some|
|00004bd0| 20 74 69 6d 65 20 74 6f | 20 72 65 64 72 61 77 20 | time to| redraw |
|00004be0| 69 66 20 77 69 6e 64 6f | 77 73 20 61 72 65 20 6d |if windo|ws are m|
|00004bf0| 6f 76 65 64 20 66 72 6f | 6d 20 69 6e 66 72 6f 75 |oved fro|m infrou|
|00004c00| 6e 74 20 0a 20 20 6f 66 | 20 69 74 29 2e 0a 20 20 |nt . of| it).. |
|00004c10| 0a 20 20 52 45 53 45 54 | 20 2d 20 52 65 73 65 74 |. RESET| - Reset|
|00004c20| 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 69 | 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e |s the si|mulation|
|00004c30| 3b 20 74 68 69 73 20 6d | 61 79 20 62 65 20 64 6f |; this m|ay be do|
|00004c40| 6e 65 20 61 74 20 61 6e | 79 20 74 69 6d 65 2e 0a |ne at an|y time..|
|00004c50| 20 20 0a 20 20 53 50 45 | 45 44 20 2d 20 4d 61 6b | . SPE|ED - Mak|
|00004c60| 65 73 20 74 68 65 20 73 | 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 69 6f |es the s|imulatio|
|00004c70| 6e 20 72 75 6e 20 6e 6f | 72 6d 61 6c 20 73 70 65 |n run no|rmal spe|
|00004c80| 65 64 20 28 66 61 73 74 | 21 29 20 6f 72 20 73 6c |ed (fast|!) or sl|
|00004c90| 6f 77 65 6c 79 20 28 6f | 6e 65 20 79 65 61 72 20 |owely (o|ne year |
|00004ca0| 0a 20 20 65 76 65 72 79 | 20 74 65 6e 20 73 65 63 |. every| ten sec|
|00004cb0| 6f 6e 64 73 29 2e 0a 20 | 20 0a 20 28 45 4d 50 54 |onds).. | . (EMPT|
|00004cc0| 59 29 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 | 54 49 4d 45 20 41 58 49 |Y). . |TIME AXI|
|00004cd0| 53 20 44 49 41 50 4c 59 | 20 50 41 52 41 4d 45 54 |S DIAPLY| PARAMET|
|00004ce0| 45 52 53 20 2d 20 4f 70 | 65 6e 73 20 77 69 6e 64 |ERS - Op|ens wind|
|00004cf0| 6f 77 2e 20 20 53 65 74 | 73 20 74 68 65 20 74 69 |ow. Set|s the ti|
|00004d00| 6d 65 20 70 65 72 69 6f | 64 20 74 6f 20 62 65 20 |me perio|d to be |
|00004d10| 0a 20 20 64 69 73 70 6c | 61 79 65 64 20 28 61 6e |. displ|ayed (an|
|00004d20| 79 20 70 65 72 69 6f 64 | 20 62 65 74 77 65 65 6e |y period| between|
|00004d30| 20 31 37 35 30 20 61 6e | 64 20 32 31 35 30 20 69 | 1750 an|d 2150 i|
|00004d40| 6e 63 6c 75 73 69 76 65 | 29 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 77 |nclusive|), and w|
|00004d50| 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 0a 20 20 74 69 |hether t|he . ti|
|00004d60| 6d 65 20 61 78 69 73 20 | 67 72 69 64 20 69 73 20 |me axis |grid is |
|00004d70| 6f 6e 20 6f 72 20 6f 66 | 66 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 |on or of|f. The |
|00004d80| 6d 61 78 20 74 69 6d 65 | 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 20 |max time| values |
|00004d90| 74 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 | 6c 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 69 |the simu|lation i|
|00004da0| 73 20 0a 20 20 73 74 61 | 72 74 65 64 20 77 69 74 |s . sta|rted wit|
|00004db0| 68 2c 20 69 73 20 74 68 | 65 20 74 69 6d 65 20 74 |h, is th|e time t|
|00004dc0| 68 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c | 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 |he simul|ation wi|
|00004dd0| 6c 6c 20 63 61 6c 63 75 | 6c 61 74 65 20 75 70 20 |ll calcu|late up |
|00004de0| 75 6e 74 69 6c 2e 0a 20 | 20 0a 20 20 4c 48 20 59 |until.. | . LH Y|
|00004df0| 2d 41 58 49 53 20 44 49 | 53 50 4c 41 59 20 50 41 |-AXIS DI|SPLAY PA|
|00004e00| 52 41 4d 45 54 45 52 53 | 20 2d 20 4f 70 65 6e 73 |RAMETERS| - Opens|
|00004e10| 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 2e | 20 20 53 65 74 73 20 74 | window.| Sets t|
|00004e20| 68 65 20 6d 61 78 20 61 | 6e 64 20 6d 69 6e 20 76 |he max a|nd min v|
|00004e30| 61 6c 75 65 73 20 0a 20 | 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 20 |alues . | on the |
|00004e40| 4c 48 20 79 2d 61 78 69 | 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 77 |LH y-axi|s, and w|
|00004e50| 68 65 74 68 65 72 20 74 | 68 65 20 4c 48 20 79 2d |hether t|he LH y-|
|00004e60| 61 78 69 73 20 67 72 69 | 64 20 69 73 20 6f 6e 20 |axis gri|d is on |
|00004e70| 6f 72 20 6f 66 66 2e 20 | 20 53 65 74 73 20 74 68 |or off. | Sets th|
|00004e80| 65 20 0a 20 20 63 6f 6c | 6f 75 72 20 6f 66 20 74 |e . col|our of t|
|00004e90| 68 65 20 70 6c 6f 74 2c | 20 61 6e 64 20 61 6c 73 |he plot,| and als|
|00004ea0| 6f 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c | 6f 74 20 73 69 7a 65 2e |o the pl|ot size.|
|00004eb0| 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 52 48 | 20 59 2d 41 58 49 53 20 |. . RH| Y-AXIS |
|00004ec0| 44 49 53 50 4c 41 59 20 | 50 41 52 41 4d 45 54 45 |DISPLAY |PARAMETE|
|00004ed0| 52 53 20 2d 20 4f 70 65 | 6e 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f |RS - Ope|ns windo|
|00004ee0| 77 2e 20 20 53 65 74 73 | 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 78 |w. Sets| the max|
|00004ef0| 20 61 6e 64 20 6d 69 6e | 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 20 | and min| values |
|00004f00| 0a 20 20 6f 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 52 48 20 79 2d 61 |. on th|e RH y-a|
|00004f10| 78 69 73 2c 20 61 6e 64 | 20 77 68 65 74 68 65 72 |xis, and| whether|
|00004f20| 20 74 68 65 20 52 48 20 | 79 2d 61 78 69 73 20 67 | the RH |y-axis g|
|00004f30| 72 69 64 20 69 73 20 6f | 6e 20 6f 72 20 6f 66 66 |rid is o|n or off|
|00004f40| 2e 20 20 53 65 74 73 20 | 74 68 65 20 0a 20 20 63 |. Sets |the . c|
|00004f50| 6f 6c 6f 75 72 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c 6f |olour of| the plo|
|00004f60| 74 2c 20 61 6e 64 20 61 | 6c 73 6f 20 74 68 65 20 |t, and a|lso the |
|00004f70| 70 6c 6f 74 20 73 69 7a | 65 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |plot siz|e.. . |
|00004f80| 43 4f 4e 46 49 47 55 52 | 41 54 49 4f 4e 20 50 41 |CONFIGUR|ATION PA|
|00004f90| 52 41 4d 45 54 45 52 53 | 20 2d 20 4f 70 65 6e 73 |RAMETERS| - Opens|
|00004fa0| 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 2e | 20 20 50 61 72 61 6d 65 | window.| Parame|
|00004fb0| 74 65 72 73 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 63 6f 6e |ters for| the con|
|00004fc0| 66 69 67 75 72 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 0a 20 20 6f 66 |figurati|on . of|
|00004fd0| 20 74 68 65 20 70 6c 6f | 74 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 | the plo|t displa|
|00004fe0| 79 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 | 76 61 72 69 6f 75 73 20 |y. The |various |
|00004ff0| 6f 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 | 61 72 65 20 61 73 20 66 |options |are as f|
|00005000| 6f 6c 6c 6f 77 73 3a 0a | 20 20 50 6c 6f 74 20 66 |ollows:.| Plot f|
|00005010| 69 6c 6c 3a 20 54 68 65 | 20 70 6c 6f 74 73 20 6d |ill: The| plots m|
|00005020| 61 79 20 62 65 20 65 69 | 74 68 65 72 20 66 6c 6f |ay be ei|ther flo|
|00005030| 6f 64 20 66 69 6c 6c 65 | 64 20 28 73 6f 6c 69 64 |od fille|d (solid|
|00005040| 20 63 6f 6c 6f 75 72 20 | 75 6e 64 65 72 20 65 61 | colour |under ea|
|00005050| 63 68 20 0a 20 20 70 6c | 6f 74 29 20 69 66 20 73 |ch . pl|ot) if s|
|00005060| 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 2c | 20 6f 72 20 6e 6f 74 2e |elected,| or not.|
|00005070| 0a 20 20 50 6c 6f 74 20 | 73 68 61 70 65 3a 20 54 |. Plot |shape: T|
|00005080| 68 65 20 70 6c 6f 74 73 | 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 |he plots| may be |
|00005090| 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 65 | 64 20 61 73 20 61 20 70 |displaye|d as a p|
|000050a0| 6f 69 6e 74 2c 20 61 20 | 63 72 6f 73 73 20 6f 72 |oint, a |cross or|
|000050b0| 20 61 73 20 61 20 0a 20 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 69 6e 75 | as a . | continu|
|000050c0| 6f 75 73 20 6c 69 6e 65 | 2e 20 20 54 68 65 20 70 |ous line|. The p|
|000050d0| 6f 69 6e 74 20 61 6e 64 | 20 63 72 6f 73 73 20 73 |oint and| cross s|
|000050e0| 69 7a 65 20 61 72 65 20 | 64 65 74 65 72 6d 69 6e |ize are |determin|
|000050f0| 65 64 20 62 79 20 74 68 | 65 20 27 50 6c 6f 74 20 |ed by th|e 'Plot |
|00005100| 0a 20 20 53 69 7a 65 27 | 20 70 61 72 61 6d 65 74 |. Size'| paramet|
|00005110| 65 72 20 69 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 4c 48 20 61 6e 64 |er in th|e LH and|
|00005120| 20 52 48 20 79 20 61 78 | 69 73 20 64 69 73 70 6c | RH y ax|is displ|
|00005130| 61 79 20 70 61 72 61 6d | 61 74 65 72 20 77 69 6e |ay param|ater win|
|00005140| 64 6f 77 73 2e 0a 20 20 | 79 2d 61 78 69 73 20 73 |dows.. |y-axis s|
|00005150| 63 61 6c 65 3a 20 54 68 | 65 20 70 6c 6f 74 73 20 |cale: Th|e plots |
|00005160| 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 64 | 69 73 70 6c 61 79 20 61 |may be d|isplay a|
|00005170| 73 20 61 62 73 6f 6c 75 | 74 65 20 76 61 6c 75 65 |s absolu|te value|
|00005180| 73 2c 20 6f 72 20 61 73 | 20 65 78 63 65 73 73 20 |s, or as| excess |
|00005190| 0a 20 20 76 61 6c 75 65 | 73 20 28 47 6c 6f 62 61 |. value|s (Globa|
|000051a0| 6c 20 57 61 72 6d 69 6e | 67 20 69 73 20 75 73 75 |l Warmin|g is usu|
|000051b0| 61 6c 6c 79 20 74 61 6c | 6b 65 64 20 61 62 6f 75 |ally tal|ked abou|
|000051c0| 74 20 69 6e 20 74 65 72 | 6d 73 20 6f 66 20 65 78 |t in ter|ms of ex|
|000051d0| 63 65 73 73 20 76 61 6c | 75 65 73 20 0a 20 20 6f |cess val|ues . o|
|000051e0| 76 65 72 20 70 72 65 2d | 49 6e 64 75 73 74 72 69 |ver pre-|Industri|
|000051f0| 61 6c 20 52 65 76 6f 6c | 75 74 69 6f 6e 20 28 73 |al Revol|ution (s|
|00005200| 61 79 20 31 37 35 30 29 | 20 76 61 6c 75 65 73 2c |ay 1750)| values,|
|00005210| 20 6f 72 20 65 78 63 65 | 73 73 20 76 61 6c 75 65 | or exce|ss value|
|00005220| 73 20 6f 76 65 72 20 0a | 20 20 31 39 39 30 20 76 |s over .| 1990 v|
|00005230| 61 6c 75 65 73 2e 0a 20 | 20 4c 48 20 79 2d 61 78 |alues.. | LH y-ax|
|00005240| 69 73 20 64 69 73 70 6c | 61 79 3a 20 54 68 65 20 |is displ|ay: The |
|00005250| 4c 48 20 79 2d 61 78 69 | 73 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 |LH y-axi|s may be|
|00005260| 20 73 65 74 20 74 6f 20 | 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 20 | set to |display |
|00005270| 65 69 74 68 65 72 20 74 | 65 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 |either t|emperatu|
|00005280| 72 65 20 0a 20 20 6f 72 | 20 72 61 64 69 61 74 69 |re . or| radiati|
|00005290| 76 65 20 66 6f 72 63 69 | 6e 67 2e 0a 20 20 52 48 |ve forci|ng.. RH|
|000052a0| 20 79 2d 61 78 69 73 20 | 64 69 73 70 6c 61 79 3a | y-axis |display:|
|000052b0| 20 54 68 65 20 52 48 20 | 79 2d 61 78 69 73 20 6d | The RH |y-axis m|
|000052c0| 61 79 20 62 65 20 73 65 | 74 20 74 6f 20 64 69 73 |ay be se|t to dis|
|000052d0| 70 6c 61 79 20 65 69 74 | 68 65 72 20 43 4f 32 2c |play eit|her CO2,|
|000052e0| 20 43 48 34 20 4e 32 4f | 20 0a 20 20 6f 72 20 43 | CH4 N2O| . or C|
|000052f0| 46 43 73 2e 20 20 41 64 | 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c |FCs. Ad|ditional|
|00005300| 6c 79 20 74 68 65 20 43 | 46 43 73 20 6d 61 79 20 |ly the C|FCs may |
|00005310| 62 65 20 64 69 73 70 6c | 61 79 65 64 20 73 65 70 |be displ|ayed sep|
|00005320| 65 72 61 74 65 6c 79 20 | 28 27 41 6c 6c 20 67 61 |erately |('All ga|
|00005330| 73 65 73 3f 27 20 0a 20 | 20 73 65 6c 65 63 74 65 |ses?' . | selecte|
|00005340| 64 29 20 6f 72 20 63 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 20 28 |d) or co|mbined (|
|00005350| 69 65 20 74 6f 74 61 6c | 20 43 46 43 73 29 2e 0a |ie total| CFCs)..|
|00005360| 20 0a 20 20 41 4c 4c 2f | 53 49 4e 47 4c 45 20 2d | . ALL/|SINGLE -|
|00005370| 20 54 68 65 20 64 69 73 | 70 6c 61 79 20 6d 61 79 | The dis|play may|
|00005380| 20 62 65 20 74 6f 67 67 | 6c 65 64 20 71 75 69 63 | be togg|led quic|
|00005390| 6b 6c 79 20 62 65 74 77 | 65 65 6e 20 64 69 73 70 |kly betw|een disp|
|000053a0| 6c 61 79 69 6e 67 20 61 | 6c 6c 20 0a 20 20 67 61 |laying a|ll . ga|
|000053b0| 73 65 73 20 66 6c 6f 6f | 64 66 69 6c 6c 65 64 2c |ses floo|dfilled,|
|000053c0| 20 6f 72 20 6a 75 73 74 | 20 6f 6e 65 20 28 43 4f | or just| one (CO|
|000053d0| 32 29 20 6e 6f 74 20 66 | 6f 6f 64 66 69 6c 6c 65 |2) not f|oodfille|
|000053e0| 64 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 | 43 4f 4c 4f 55 52 53 20 |d.. . |COLOURS |
|000053f0| 2d 20 4f 70 65 6e 73 20 | 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 2e 20 |- Opens |window. |
|00005400| 20 54 68 65 20 64 69 73 | 70 6c 61 79 20 63 6f 6c | The dis|play col|
|00005410| 6f 75 72 73 20 66 6f 72 | 20 74 68 65 20 36 20 64 |ours for| the 6 d|
|00005420| 69 66 66 65 72 65 6e 74 | 20 67 61 73 65 73 20 61 |ifferent| gases a|
|00005430| 6e 64 20 0a 20 20 63 6f | 6d 62 69 6e 65 64 20 43 |nd . co|mbined C|
|00005440| 46 43 73 20 6d 61 79 20 | 62 65 20 73 65 74 2e 20 |FCs may |be set. |
|00005450| 20 57 68 65 6e 20 74 68 | 65 20 70 6c 6f 74 20 69 | When th|e plot i|
|00005460| 73 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 | 79 65 64 20 66 6c 6f 6f |s displa|yed floo|
|00005470| 64 66 69 6c 6c 65 64 2c | 20 63 72 6f 73 73 20 0a |dfilled,| cross .|
|00005480| 20 20 6f 72 20 6c 69 6e | 65 20 64 69 73 70 6c 61 | or lin|e displa|
|00005490| 79 73 20 28 69 6e 20 61 | 64 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 20 |ys (in a|ddition |
|000054a0| 74 6f 20 74 68 65 20 66 | 6c 6f 6f 64 66 69 6c 6c |to the f|loodfill|
|000054b0| 29 20 61 72 65 20 64 69 | 73 70 6c 61 79 65 64 20 |) are di|splayed |
|000054c0| 69 6e 20 62 6c 61 63 6b | 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 28 45 |in black|.. . (E|
|000054d0| 4d 50 54 59 29 0a 20 20 | 0a 20 20 45 4d 49 53 53 |MPTY). |. EMISS|
|000054e0| 49 4f 4e 53 20 54 4f 4f | 4c 42 41 52 20 2d 20 4f |IONS TOO|LBAR - O|
|000054f0| 70 65 6e 73 20 74 68 65 | 20 45 6d 69 73 73 69 6f |pens the| Emissio|
|00005500| 6e 73 20 54 6f 6f 6c 62 | 61 72 20 28 64 65 73 63 |ns Toolb|ar (desc|
|00005510| 72 69 62 65 64 20 61 62 | 6f 76 65 29 2e 20 20 0a |ribed ab|ove). .|
|00005520| 20 20 43 6c 69 63 6b 69 | 6e 67 20 77 69 74 68 20 | Clicki|ng with |
|00005530| 53 45 4c 45 43 54 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 63 6c 6f 73 |SELECT w|ill clos|
|00005540| 65 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | 69 6e 20 73 69 6d 75 6c |e the ma|in simul|
|00005550| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 | 6e 64 6f 77 2e 20 20 43 |ation wi|ndow. C|
|00005560| 6c 69 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 | 77 69 74 68 20 0a 20 20 |licking |with . |
|00005570| 41 44 4a 55 53 54 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 6c 65 61 76 |ADJUST w|ill leav|
|00005580| 65 20 69 74 20 6f 70 65 | 6e 2e 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 |e it ope|n.. . |
|00005590| 54 45 4d 50 45 52 41 54 | 55 52 45 20 4d 4f 44 45 |TEMPERAT|URE MODE|
|000055a0| 4c 20 2d 20 4f 70 65 6e | 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f 77 |L - Open|s window|
|000055b0| 2e 20 20 46 6f 72 20 73 | 65 6c 65 63 74 69 6e 67 |. For s|electing|
|000055c0| 20 77 68 69 63 68 20 74 | 65 6d 70 65 72 61 74 75 | which t|emperatu|
|000055d0| 72 65 20 6d 6f 64 65 6c | 20 0a 20 20 74 6f 20 75 |re model| . to u|
|000055e0| 73 65 2e 20 20 49 6e 20 | 74 68 69 73 20 76 65 72 |se. In |this ver|
|000055f0| 73 69 6f 6e 20 74 68 65 | 20 75 73 65 72 2d 64 65 |sion the| user-de|
|00005600| 66 69 6e 61 62 6c 65 20 | 6f 6e 65 20 69 73 20 6e |finable |one is n|
|00005610| 6f 74 20 73 65 6c 65 63 | 74 61 62 6c 65 2e 0a 20 |ot selec|table.. |
|00005620| 20 0a 20 28 45 4d 50 54 | 59 29 0a 20 0a 20 20 51 | . (EMPT|Y). . Q|
|00005630| 55 49 43 4b 20 53 41 56 | 45 20 2d 20 53 61 76 65 |UICK SAV|E - Save|
|00005640| 73 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | 69 6e 20 73 69 6d 75 6c |s the ma|in simul|
|00005650| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 67 72 | 61 70 68 20 75 73 69 6e |ation gr|aph usin|
|00005660| 67 20 74 68 65 20 6c 61 | 73 74 20 73 61 76 65 64 |g the la|st saved|
|00005670| 20 64 72 61 77 20 0a 20 | 20 66 69 6c 65 20 70 61 | draw . | file pa|
|00005680| 74 68 20 61 6e 64 20 66 | 69 6c 65 6e 61 6d 65 2e |th and f|ilename.|
|00005690| 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 48 45 | 4c 50 20 2d 20 4c 6f 61 |. . HE|LP - Loa|
|000056a0| 64 73 20 75 70 20 41 63 | 6f 72 6e 27 73 20 49 6e |ds up Ac|orn's In|
|000056b0| 74 65 72 61 63 74 69 76 | 65 20 48 65 6c 70 20 28 |teractiv|e Help (|
|000056c0| 52 49 53 43 20 4f 53 20 | 76 65 72 73 69 6f 6e 73 |RISC OS |versions|
|000056d0| 20 33 2e 30 30 2f 33 2e | 31 30 2f 33 2e 31 31 29 | 3.00/3.|10/3.11)|
|000056e0| 2e 0a 20 20 0a 0a 20 20 | 53 65 6c 65 63 74 65 64 |.. .. |Selected|
|000056f0| 20 61 72 65 61 73 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 65 20 6d 61 | areas o|f the ma|
|00005700| 69 6e 20 67 72 61 70 68 | 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 |in graph| may be |
|00005710| 6d 61 67 6e 69 66 69 65 | 64 20 62 79 20 64 72 61 |magnifie|d by dra|
|00005720| 67 67 69 6e 67 20 6f 75 | 74 20 61 20 62 6f 78 20 |gging ou|t a box |
|00005730| 0a 65 6e 63 6f 6d 70 61 | 73 69 6e 67 20 74 68 61 |.encompa|sing tha|
|00005740| 74 20 61 72 65 61 20 28 | 6d 6f 76 65 20 74 68 65 |t area (|move the|
|00005750| 20 6d 6f 75 73 65 20 77 | 69 74 68 20 53 45 4c 45 | mouse w|ith SELE|
|00005760| 43 54 20 6f 72 20 41 44 | 4a 55 53 54 20 68 65 6c |CT or AD|JUST hel|
|00005770| 64 20 64 6f 77 6e 29 2e | 20 20 4e 6f 20 0a 66 75 |d down).| No .fu|
|00005780| 72 74 68 65 72 20 6d 61 | 67 6e 69 66 69 63 61 74 |rther ma|gnificat|
|00005790| 69 6f 6e 20 69 73 20 61 | 6c 6c 6f 77 65 64 20 62 |ion is a|llowed b|
|000057a0| 79 20 74 68 69 73 20 6d | 65 61 6e 73 20 77 68 65 |y this m|eans whe|
|000057b0| 6e 20 61 20 63 65 72 74 | 61 69 6e 20 6c 69 6d 69 |n a cert|ain limi|
|000057c0| 74 20 68 61 73 20 62 65 | 65 6e 20 0a 72 65 61 63 |t has be|en .reac|
|000057d0| 68 65 64 2e 20 20 41 64 | 64 69 74 69 6f 6e 61 6c |hed. Ad|ditional|
|000057e0| 6c 79 2c 20 76 65 72 79 | 20 73 6d 61 6c 6c 20 64 |ly, very| small d|
|000057f0| 72 61 67 67 65 64 20 62 | 6f 78 65 73 20 61 72 65 |ragged b|oxes are|
|00005800| 20 69 67 6e 6f 72 65 64 | 2e 0a 0a 20 20 49 66 20 | ignored|... If |
|00005810| 74 68 65 20 6d 61 69 6e | 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 74 |the main| simulat|
|00005820| 69 6f 6e 20 77 69 6e 64 | 6f 77 20 6f 72 20 6f 6e |ion wind|ow or on|
|00005830| 65 20 6f 66 20 74 68 65 | 20 65 6d 69 73 73 69 6f |e of the| emissio|
|00005840| 6e 73 20 77 69 6e 64 6f | 77 73 20 68 61 76 65 20 |ns windo|ws have |
|00005850| 74 68 65 20 0a 69 6e 70 | 75 74 20 66 6f 63 75 73 |the .inp|ut focus|
|00005860| 2c 20 74 68 65 6e 20 74 | 68 61 74 20 67 72 61 70 |, then t|hat grap|
|00005870| 68 20 6d 61 79 20 62 65 | 20 73 61 76 65 64 20 62 |h may be| saved b|
|00005880| 79 20 70 72 65 73 73 69 | 6e 67 20 46 33 20 28 70 |y pressi|ng F3 (p|
|00005890| 72 6f 76 69 64 69 6e 67 | 20 74 68 61 74 20 61 20 |roviding| that a |
|000058a0| 0a 73 61 76 65 20 70 61 | 74 68 20 68 61 73 20 70 |.save pa|th has p|
|000058b0| 72 65 76 69 6f 75 73 6c | 79 20 62 65 65 6e 20 70 |reviousl|y been p|
|000058c0| 72 6f 76 69 64 65 64 2c | 20 6f 72 20 61 20 64 72 |rovided,| or a dr|
|000058d0| 61 77 20 66 69 6c 65 20 | 68 61 73 20 70 72 65 76 |aw file |has prev|
|000058e0| 69 6f 75 73 6c 79 20 62 | 65 65 6e 20 0a 73 61 76 |iously b|een .sav|
|000058f0| 65 64 29 2e 0a 0a 0a 0a | 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |ed).....|.. |
|00005900| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00005910| 20 20 20 20 20 20 46 75 | 72 74 68 65 72 20 49 6e | Fu|rther In|
|00005920| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f | 6e 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 |formatio|n. |
|00005930| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00005940| 20 20 20 20 20 20 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | ==|========|
|00005950| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 0a 0a 0a 43 6c 69 6d |========|=...Clim|
|00005960| 61 74 65 20 43 68 61 6e | 67 65 3b 20 54 68 65 20 |ate Chan|ge; The |
|00005970| 49 50 43 43 20 53 63 69 | 65 6e 74 69 66 69 63 20 |IPCC Sci|entific |
|00005980| 41 73 73 65 73 73 6d 65 | 6e 74 2e 20 43 55 50 20 |Assessme|nt. CUP |
|00005990| 31 39 39 30 2e 20 49 53 | 42 4e 20 30 20 35 32 31 |1990. IS|BN 0 521|
|000059a0| 20 34 30 33 36 30 20 58 | 0a 47 6c 6f 62 61 6c 20 | 40360 X|.Global |
|000059b0| 57 61 72 6d 69 6e 67 3b | 20 54 68 65 20 47 72 65 |Warming;| The Gre|
|000059c0| 65 6e 70 65 61 63 65 20 | 52 65 70 6f 72 74 2e 20 |enpeace |Report. |
|000059d0| 4f 55 50 20 31 39 39 30 | 2e 20 49 53 42 4e 20 30 |OUP 1990|. ISBN 0|
|000059e0| 20 31 39 32 20 38 36 31 | 31 39 20 30 0a 0a 0a 41 | 192 861|19 0...A|
|000059f0| 20 77 69 64 65 20 76 61 | 72 69 65 74 79 20 6f 66 | wide va|riety of|
|00005a00| 20 69 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 6e 20 | informa|tion on |
|00005a10| 43 6c 69 6d 61 74 65 20 | 43 68 61 6e 67 65 2c 20 |Climate |Change, |
|00005a20| 69 6e 63 6c 75 64 69 6e | 67 20 6d 61 74 65 72 69 |includin|g materi|
|00005a30| 61 6c 20 73 75 69 74 61 | 62 6c 65 20 0a 66 6f 72 |al suita|ble .for|
|00005a40| 20 73 63 68 6f 6f 6c 73 | 20 75 73 65 20 63 61 6e | schools| use can|
|00005a50| 20 62 65 20 6f 62 74 61 | 69 6e 65 64 20 66 72 6f | be obta|ined fro|
|00005a60| 6d 3a 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 | 47 6c 6f 62 61 6c 20 43 |m:. . |Global C|
|00005a70| 6c 69 6d 61 74 65 20 43 | 68 61 6e 67 65 20 49 6e |limate C|hange In|
|00005a80| 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 6f | 6e 20 50 72 6f 67 72 61 |formatio|n Progra|
|00005a90| 6d 6d 65 0a 20 20 41 74 | 6d 6f 73 70 68 65 72 69 |mme. At|mospheri|
|00005aa0| 63 20 52 65 73 65 61 72 | 63 68 20 61 6e 64 20 49 |c Resear|ch and I|
|00005ab0| 6e 66 6f 72 6d 61 74 69 | 6f 6e 20 43 65 6e 74 72 |nformati|on Centr|
|00005ac0| 65 2c 0a 20 20 44 65 70 | 61 72 74 6d 65 6e 74 20 |e,. Dep|artment |
|00005ad0| 6f 66 20 45 6e 76 69 72 | 6f 6e 6d 65 6e 74 61 6c |of Envir|onmental|
|00005ae0| 20 61 6e 64 20 47 65 6f | 67 72 61 70 68 69 63 61 | and Geo|graphica|
|00005af0| 6c 20 53 63 69 65 6e 63 | 65 73 2c 0a 20 20 4d 61 |l Scienc|es,. Ma|
|00005b00| 6e 63 68 65 73 74 65 72 | 20 4d 65 74 72 6f 70 6f |nchester| Metropo|
|00005b10| 6c 69 74 61 6e 20 55 6e | 69 76 65 72 73 69 74 79 |litan Un|iversity|
|00005b20| 2c 0a 20 20 43 68 65 73 | 74 65 72 20 53 74 72 65 |,. Ches|ter Stre|
|00005b30| 65 74 2c 0a 20 20 4d 61 | 6e 63 68 65 73 74 65 72 |et,. Ma|nchester|
|00005b40| 0a 20 20 4d 31 20 35 47 | 44 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 54 |. M1 5G|D. . T|
|00005b50| 65 6c 3a 20 28 30 36 31 | 29 20 32 34 37 20 31 35 |el: (061|) 247 15|
|00005b60| 39 33 0a 20 20 46 61 78 | 3a 20 28 30 36 31 29 20 |93. Fax|: (061) |
|00005b70| 32 34 37 20 36 33 33 32 | 0a 20 20 0a 20 20 0a 0a |247 6332|. . ..|
|00005b80| 0a 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |.. | |
|00005b90| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | | |
|00005ba0| 43 6f 70 79 72 69 67 68 | 74 20 4e 6f 74 69 63 65 |Copyrigh|t Notice|
|00005bb0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |. | |
|00005bc0| 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 | 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 3d | | =|
|00005bd0| 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d | 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d 0a |========|=======.|
|00005be0| 0a 0a 21 43 4f 32 65 66 | 66 65 63 74 20 69 73 20 |..!CO2ef|fect is |
|00005bf0| 28 63 29 20 31 39 39 34 | 20 42 61 6e 64 79 20 52 |(c) 1994| Bandy R|
|00005c00| 69 64 67 77 65 6c 6c 2c | 20 61 6c 6c 20 72 69 67 |idgwell,| all rig|
|00005c10| 68 74 73 20 72 65 73 65 | 72 76 65 64 2e 0a 0a 54 |hts rese|rved...T|
|00005c20| 68 69 73 20 73 6f 66 74 | 77 61 72 65 20 69 73 20 |his soft|ware is |
|00005c30| 73 75 70 70 6c 69 65 64 | 20 22 61 73 20 69 73 22 |supplied| "as is"|
|00005c40| 3b 20 6e 6f 20 77 61 72 | 72 61 6e 74 79 2c 20 65 |; no war|ranty, e|
|00005c50| 78 70 72 65 73 73 20 6f | 72 20 69 6d 70 6c 69 65 |xpress o|r implie|
|00005c60| 64 20 6f 66 20 69 74 73 | 20 0a 66 69 74 6e 65 73 |d of its| .fitnes|
|00005c70| 73 20 66 6f 72 20 61 6e | 79 20 70 61 72 74 69 63 |s for an|y partic|
|00005c80| 75 6c 61 72 20 70 75 72 | 70 6f 73 65 20 69 73 20 |ular pur|pose is |
|00005c90| 67 69 76 65 6e 2e 20 20 | 49 6e 20 6e 6f 20 63 69 |given. |In no ci|
|00005ca0| 72 63 75 6d 73 74 61 6e | 63 65 73 20 73 68 61 6c |rcumstan|ces shal|
|00005cb0| 6c 20 74 68 65 20 0a 61 | 75 74 68 6f 72 20 62 65 |l the .a|uthor be|
|00005cc0| 20 6c 69 61 62 6c 65 20 | 66 6f 72 20 61 6e 79 20 | liable |for any |
|00005cd0| 64 61 6d 61 67 65 2c 20 | 6c 6f 73 73 20 6f 66 20 |damage, |loss of |
|00005ce0| 70 72 6f 66 69 74 73 2c | 20 6f 72 20 61 6e 79 20 |profits,| or any |
|00005cf0| 69 6e 64 69 72 65 63 74 | 20 6f 72 20 0a 63 6f 6e |indirect| or .con|
|00005d00| 73 65 71 75 65 6e 74 69 | 61 6c 20 6c 6f 73 73 20 |sequenti|al loss |
|00005d10| 61 72 69 73 69 6e 67 20 | 6f 75 74 20 6f 66 20 74 |arising |out of t|
|00005d20| 68 65 20 75 73 65 20 6f | 66 20 74 68 69 73 20 73 |he use o|f this s|
|00005d30| 6f 66 74 77 61 72 65 2e | 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 0a 2a 2a |oftware.|......**|
|00005d40| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00005d50| 2a 2a 20 54 6f 20 6f 62 | 74 61 69 6e 20 74 68 65 |** To ob|tain the|
|00005d60| 20 66 75 6c 6c 20 77 6f | 72 6b 69 6e 67 20 76 65 | full wo|rking ve|
|00005d70| 72 73 69 6f 6e 20 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |rsion **|********|
|00005d80| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 0a 0a 20 20 20 |********|***.. |
|00005d90| 20 20 20 53 65 6e 64 20 | 61 20 63 68 65 71 75 65 | Send |a cheque|
|00005da0| 20 66 6f 72 20 a3 31 30 | 2d 30 30 20 6d 61 64 65 | for .10|-00 made|
|00005db0| 20 70 61 79 61 62 6c 65 | 20 74 6f 20 22 41 6e 64 | payable| to "And|
|00005dc0| 79 20 52 69 64 67 77 65 | 6c 6c 22 20 74 6f 3a 0a |y Ridgwe|ll" to:.|
|00005dd0| 0a 20 20 20 20 20 20 33 | 39 30 20 4d 69 6c 74 6f |. 3|90 Milto|
|00005de0| 6e 20 52 6f 61 64 2c 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 61 |n Road,.| Ca|
|00005df0| 6d 62 72 69 64 67 65 0a | 20 20 20 20 20 20 43 42 |mbridge.| CB|
|00005e00| 34 20 31 53 55 0a 0a 0a | 20 20 46 6f 72 20 74 68 |4 1SU...| For th|
|00005e10| 69 73 20 79 6f 75 20 77 | 69 6c 6c 20 72 65 63 69 |is you w|ill reci|
|00005e20| 65 76 65 20 74 68 65 20 | 6c 61 74 65 73 74 20 66 |eve the |latest f|
|00005e30| 75 6c 6c 20 77 6f 72 6b | 69 6e 67 20 76 65 72 73 |ull work|ing vers|
|00005e40| 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 20 21 | 43 4f 32 65 66 66 65 63 |ion of !|CO2effec|
|00005e50| 74 2c 20 0a 74 6f 67 65 | 74 68 65 72 20 77 69 74 |t, .toge|ther wit|
|00005e60| 68 20 66 75 6c 6c 20 28 | 75 6e 63 72 75 6e 63 68 |h full (|uncrunch|
|00005e70| 65 64 20 61 6e 64 20 63 | 6f 6d 6d 65 6e 74 65 64 |ed and c|ommented|
|00005e80| 29 20 76 65 72 73 69 6f | 6e 73 20 6f 66 20 74 68 |) versio|ns of th|
|00005e90| 65 20 73 6f 75 72 63 65 | 20 63 6f 64 65 20 0a 61 |e source| code .a|
|00005ea0| 6e 64 20 61 20 70 72 69 | 6e 74 65 64 20 6d 61 6e |nd a pri|nted man|
|00005eb0| 75 61 6c 20 28 6f 66 20 | 73 6f 72 74 73 29 20 64 |ual (of |sorts) d|
|00005ec0| 65 74 61 69 6c 69 6e 67 | 20 68 6f 77 20 65 78 61 |etailing| how exa|
|00005ed0| 63 74 6c 79 20 74 6f 20 | 75 73 65 20 74 68 65 20 |ctly to |use the |
|00005ee0| 70 72 6f 67 72 61 6d 2c | 20 61 20 0a 6d 6f 72 65 |program,| a .more|
|00005ef0| 20 64 65 74 61 69 6c 65 | 64 20 65 78 70 6c 61 6e | detaile|d explan|
|00005f00| 61 74 69 6f 6e 20 6f 66 | 20 74 68 65 20 67 72 65 |ation of| the gre|
|00005f10| 65 6e 68 6f 75 73 65 20 | 65 66 66 65 63 74 20 61 |enhouse |effect a|
|00005f20| 6e 64 20 68 6f 77 20 69 | 74 20 69 73 20 6d 6f 64 |nd how i|t is mod|
|00005f30| 65 6c 65 64 2c 20 0a 74 | 68 65 20 61 73 73 75 6d |eled, .t|he assum|
|00005f40| 70 74 69 6f 6e 73 20 62 | 65 68 69 6e 64 20 74 68 |ptions b|ehind th|
|00005f50| 65 20 73 69 6d 75 6c 61 | 74 69 6f 6e 20 6d 6f 64 |e simula|tion mod|
|00005f60| 65 6c 20 61 6e 64 20 68 | 6f 77 20 65 76 65 72 79 |el and h|ow every|
|00005f70| 74 68 69 6e 67 20 69 73 | 20 63 61 6c 63 75 6c 61 |thing is| calcula|
|00005f80| 74 65 64 2e 0a 20 20 49 | 20 77 69 6c 6c 20 61 6c |ted.. I| will al|
|00005f90| 73 6f 20 6e 6f 74 69 66 | 79 20 79 6f 75 20 6f 66 |so notif|y you of|
|00005fa0| 20 61 6e 79 20 75 70 64 | 61 74 65 73 20 28 77 68 | any upd|ates (wh|
|00005fb0| 69 63 68 20 77 69 6c 6c | 20 63 6f 73 74 20 6f 6e |ich will| cost on|
|00005fc0| 6c 79 20 65 6e 6f 75 67 | 68 20 74 6f 20 63 6f 76 |ly enoug|h to cov|
|00005fd0| 65 72 0a 70 6f 73 74 61 | 67 65 20 61 6e 64 20 70 |er.posta|ge and p|
|00005fe0| 61 63 6b 69 6e 67 20 61 | 6e 64 20 74 68 65 20 64 |acking a|nd the d|
|00005ff0| 69 73 6b 29 2e 0a 0a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |isk)...*|********|
|00006000| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00006010| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00006020| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00006030| 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a | 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a 2a |********|********|
|00006040| 2a 2a 2a 2a 0a 0a 0a 54 | 68 65 20 61 75 74 68 6f |****...T|he autho|
|00006050| 72 20 63 61 6e 20 62 65 | 20 63 6f 6e 74 61 63 74 |r can be| contact|
|00006060| 65 64 20 61 74 3b 0a 0a | 33 39 30 20 4d 69 6c 74 |ed at;..|390 Milt|
|00006070| 6f 6e 20 52 6f 61 64 2c | 0a 43 61 6d 62 72 69 64 |on Road,|.Cambrid|
|00006080| 67 65 0a 43 42 34 20 31 | 53 55 0a 0a 0a 54 68 65 |ge.CB4 1|SU...The|
|00006090| 20 61 75 74 68 6f 72 20 | 6d 61 79 20 62 65 20 70 | author |may be p|
|000060a0| 6c 69 65 64 20 77 69 74 | 68 20 64 72 69 6e 6b 73 |lied wit|h drinks|
|000060b0| 20 61 74 3b 0a 0a 54 68 | 65 20 41 6e 63 69 65 6e | at;..Th|e Ancien|
|000060c0| 74 20 44 72 75 69 64 73 | 2c 0a 43 61 6d 62 72 69 |t Druids|,.Cambri|
|000060d0| 64 67 65 0a 0a 0a 42 61 | 6e 64 79 20 52 69 64 67 |dge...Ba|ndy Ridg|
|000060e0| 77 65 6c 6c 20 20 33 30 | 2f 30 35 2f 39 34 46 69 |well 30|/05/94Fi|
|000060f0| 6c 65 44 61 74 61 82 21 | 52 75 6e 00 00 00 00 2d |leData.!|Run....-|
|00006100| fd fd e2 00 00 00 45 eb | ff ff 2e f6 06 63 03 00 |......E.|.....c..|
|00006110| 21 f2 53 65 74 20 43 4f | 32 65 66 66 65 63 74 24 |!.Set CO|2effect$|
|00006120| 44 69 72 20 3c 4f 62 65 | 79 24 44 69 72 3e 0a 53 |Dir <Obe|y$Dir>.S|
|00006130| 65 74 20 41 6c 69 61 73 | 24 40 52 75 6e 54 79 70 |et Alias|$@RunTyp|
|00006140| 65 5f 30 37 37 20 52 75 | 6e 20 3c 4f 62 65 79 24 |e_077 Ru|n <Obey$|
|00006150| 44 69 72 3e 2e 21 52 75 | 6e 49 6d 61 67 65 20 25 |Dir>.!Ru|nImage %|
|00006160| 25 2a 30 0a 52 4d 45 6e | 73 75 72 65 20 4d 65 73 |%*0.RMEn|sure Mes|
|00006170| 73 61 67 65 54 72 61 6e | 73 20 30 2e 30 36 20 52 |sageTran|s 0.06 R|
|00006180| 4d 4c 6f 61 64 20 53 79 | 73 74 65 6d 3a 4d 6f 64 |MLoad Sy|stem:Mod|
|00006190| 75 6c 65 73 2e 6d 73 67 | 74 72 61 6e 73 0a 49 63 |ules.msg|trans.Ic|
|000061a0| 6f 6e 53 70 72 69 74 65 | 73 20 3c 4f 62 65 79 24 |onSprite|s <Obey$|
|000061b0| 44 69 72 3e 2e 21 53 70 | 72 69 74 65 73 0a 57 69 |Dir>.!Sp|rites.Wi|
|000061c0| 6d 70 53 6c 6f 74 20 2d | 6d 69 6e 20 35 31 32 4b |mpSlot -|min 512K|
|000061d0| 20 2d 6d 61 78 20 35 31 | 32 4b 0a 52 75 6e 20 3c | -max 51|2K.Run <|
|000061e0| 4f 62 65 79 24 44 69 72 | 3e 2e 21 52 75 6e 49 6d |Obey$Dir|>.!RunIm|
|000061f0| 61 67 65 0a 46 69 6c 65 | 44 61 74 61 82 21 52 75 |age.File|Data.!Ru|
|00006200| 6e 49 6d 61 67 65 00 fd | df ac 01 00 45 fb ff ff |nImage..|....E...|
|00006210| 08 0e ad 62 03 00 7f 1b | 0d 27 20 94 f2 41 5f 3a |...b....|.' ..A_:|
|00006220| f2 42 5f 3a f2 43 5f 3a | f2 44 5f 3a f2 45 5f 3a |.B_:.C_:|.D_:.E_:|
|00006230| f2 46 5f 28 22 3c 43 4f | 32 65 66 66 65 63 74 24 |.F_("<CO|2effect$|
|00006240| 44 69 72 3e 2e 48 65 6c | 70 54 65 78 74 22 29 3a |Dir>.Hel|pText"):|
|00006250| c8 99 32 36 33 38 37 32 | 3a f2 47 5f 3a f2 48 5f |..263872|:.G_:.H_|
|00006260| 3a f2 49 5f 3a f2 4a 5f | 3a f2 4b 5f 3a f2 4c 5f |:.I_:.J_|:.K_:.L_|
|00006270| 3a f2 4d 5f 3a f2 4e 5f | 3a f2 4f 5f 3a f2 50 5f |:.M_:.N_|:.O_:.P_|
|00006280| 3a f2 51 5f 3a f2 52 5f | 3a f2 53 5f 3a f2 54 5f |:.Q_:.R_|:.S_:.T_|
|00006290| 3a c8 99 32 36 33 38 37 | 33 3a c8 95 ac 55 5f 25 |:..26387|3:...U_%|
|000062a0| 3a f2 56 5f 3a ce 3a f2 | 57 5f 3a e0 0d 27 5c cd |:.V_:.:.|W_:..'\.|
|000062b0| dd f2 43 5f 3a de 58 5f | 25 20 32 35 36 30 3a de |..C_:.X_|% 2560:.|
|000062c0| 59 5f 25 20 31 34 34 2c | 5a 5f 25 20 35 31 38 2c |Y_% 144,|Z_% 518,|
|000062d0| 61 5f 25 20 31 32 30 36 | 2c 62 5f 25 20 34 34 30 |a_% 1206|,b_% 440|
|000062e0| 2c 63 5f 25 20 34 33 34 | 2c 64 5f 25 20 37 35 30 |,c_% 434|,d_% 750|
|000062f0| 2c 65 5f 25 20 34 34 39 | 2c 66 5f 25 20 34 31 32 |,e_% 449|,f_% 412|
|00006300| 2c 67 5f 25 20 39 34 36 | 2c 68 5f 25 20 31 39 37 |,g_% 946|,h_% 197|
|00006310| 2c 69 5f 25 20 32 36 33 | 3a de 6a 5f 25 20 37 33 |,i_% 263|:.j_% 73|
|00006320| 38 2c 6b 5f 25 20 36 37 | 33 2c 6c 5f 25 20 34 38 |8,k_% 67|3,l_% 48|
|00006330| 34 2c 6d 5f 25 20 32 36 | 31 2c 6e 5f 25 20 34 39 |4,m_% 26|1,n_% 49|
|00006340| 35 2c 6f 5f 25 20 36 38 | 33 2c 70 5f 25 20 36 39 |5,o_% 68|3,p_% 69|
|00006350| 33 2c 71 5f 25 20 38 32 | 30 2c 72 5f 25 20 38 30 |3,q_% 82|0,r_% 80|
|00006360| 37 2c 73 5f 25 20 32 36 | 39 2c 74 5f 25 20 32 36 |7,s_% 26|9,t_% 26|
|00006370| 39 2c 75 5f 25 20 32 36 | 39 0d 27 68 e4 de 76 5f |9,u_% 26|9.'h..v_|
|00006380| 25 20 34 30 2c 77 5f 25 | 20 34 30 2c 78 5f 25 20 |% 40,w_%| 40,x_% |
|00006390| 34 30 2c 79 5f 25 20 34 | 30 2c 7a 5f 25 20 34 30 |40,y_% 4|0,z_% 40|
|000063a0| 2c 5f 5f 25 20 34 30 2c | 60 5f 25 20 34 30 3a de |,__% 40,|`_% 40:.|
|000063b0| 41 60 25 28 37 29 2c 42 | 60 25 28 37 29 3a de 43 |A`%(7),B|`%(7):.C|
|000063c0| 60 25 20 32 34 3a de 44 | 60 25 20 32 35 35 3a e3 |`% 24:.D|`% 255:.|
|000063d0| 4e 25 3d 30 b8 32 35 35 | 3a 3f 28 44 60 25 2b 4e |N%=0.255|:?(D`%+N|
|000063e0| 25 29 3d 30 3a ed 3a de | 45 60 25 20 31 31 3a de |%)=0:.:.|E`% 11:.|
|000063f0| 46 60 25 20 39 39 2c 47 | 60 25 20 34 31 31 2c 48 |F`% 99,G|`% 411,H|
+--------+-------------------------+-------------------------+--------+--------+
Only 25.0 KB of data is shown above.